Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones in human body

Answer 1

206 individual bones with five types

Question 2

Five types of bone

Answer 2

Long - femur
Short - ankle
Flat - skull
Irregular - vertebrae
Sesamoid- patella

Question 3

Bone parts

Answer 3

Diaphysis- long central shaft
Epiphysis - rounded ends of long bones
Metaphysis- area between diaphysis and epiphysis
Epiphyseal plates- growth plates
Hyaline cartilage

Question 4

Spongy bone

Answer 4

Cancellous

Question 5

Outside of a bone is

Answer 5

Periosteum

Question 6

Functions of the skeletal system

Answer 6

Supports the skeleton
Provides shape
Allows movement
Protects organs
Forms red blood cell
forms joints
Attachments for muscles

Question 7

Parts of the skeleton

Answer 7

Axial skeleton- skull vertebra ribs 80 bones
Appendicular skeleton - limbs 126 bones

Question 8

Joint is what

Answer 8

Where bone meets bone

Question 9

Types of joint

Answer 9

Fibrous skull
Cartilaginous vertebra
Synovial hip

Question 10

Cartilaginous joint type

Answer 10

Sternum and ribs

Question 11

Synovial joint description

Answer 11

Highly moveable and have a synovial capsule , 6 types of synovial joints

Question 12

Six types of synovial joint

Answer 12

Condyloid- knee joint
Gliding - carpal on carpal
Hinge elbow
Ball and socket shoulder
Pívot radius to ulna
Saddle base of thumb

Question 13

Articular cartilage function

Answer 13

Reduces friction, acts as a shock absorber

Question 14

Capsule function

Answer 14

Made of tough membrane which encloses the joint

Question 15

Synovial fluid function

Answer 15

Lubricantes the joint

Question 16

Synovial membrane function

Answer 16

Produces synovial fluid

Question 17

Tendon function

Answer 17

Joins muscle to bone enabling movement

Question 18

Ligament function

Answer 18

Joins bone to bone stabilizing the joint

Question 19

Enthesis is what

Answer 19

The point at which a tendon or ligament or muscle inserts into bone

Question 20

Bursa function

Answer 20

To decrease friction between two surfaces that move in different directions

Question 21

Periosteum is

Answer 21

Hard outer coating to bone, creates cells for growth and repair

Question 22

Compact bone function

Answer 22

Bone cells, blood vessels, protein with ca and p

Question 23

Spongy bone function

Answer 23

Has small open spaces to lighten weight

Question 24

Marrow cavity function

Answer 24

Hollow middle of long bones

Question 25

Bone marrow function

Answer 25

Red marrow produces blood cells and clotting factors, humerus and femur Yellow marrow stores fats

Question 26

Haversian structure is

Answer 26

The structure of compact bone, rings of blood vessels and nerves in centre

Question 27

Bone formation

Answer 27

Osteo blasts form new bone cells, osteoclasts break down old bone cells and osteocytes are mature bone cells

Question 28

Fractures can be

Answer 28

Open closed or complex

Question 29

Regrowth of bone

Answer 29

Spongy bone forms in the first few days, blood vessels regrow and spongy bone hardens, full healing tales 1-2 months

Question 30

Ricketts is

Answer 30

Disease in children due to lack of vitamin d, calcium is not deposited in bones, bones become soft, bowing of the bones and other deformities

Question 31

Osteomalcia is

Answer 31

Rickets of adults, due to lack of vitamin d, calcium is not deposited in the bones. Bones become brittle

Question 32

Osteoporosis is

Answer 32

Bone reabsorbtion is greater than done deposition, due to lack of estrogen in women, lack of exercise, inadequate intake of calcium and phosphorus, loss of muscle mass

Question 33

Osteoarthritis is

Answer 33

Chronic inflammation of articular cartilage, loss of cartilage

Question 34

Types of muscle

Answer 34

Smooth, cardiac, skeletal