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Skeletal System Pt2 > Skeletal System > Flashcards

Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

Cartilage made up of…

A

Connective tissue
Extracellular substance > cells
Gel like substance
Flexible ‘hard plastic’ consistency

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2
Q

Cartilage Function

A

Sustains weight put through bone
Absorbs shock and stress
Form and support
Growth of bone

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3
Q

Cartilage is

A

Avascular (lack of blood vessels)
Receives nutrition via diffusion

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4
Q

Hyaline Cartilage
**most common

A

Line articular surfaces
Connect rib to sternum
Tip of nose
Rings of trachea and bronchii

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5
Q

Elastic Cartilage
modification of hyaline cartilage, more pliable than HC, more resilient

A

External ear
Epiglottis (back of throat under 👅)
Eustachian tubes (middle ear to back of nose)

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6
Q

Triangular fibrocartilage complex

A

Wrist/ulna tear

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7
Q

Arth/o scopy

A

Visual examination of the joints

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8
Q

Fibrocartilage

A

Strong and rigid

Functions:
Forms intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis, some large tendons to bone

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9
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bone destruction (by osteoclasts)
Result = loss of calcified tissue
Fracture or fall

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10
Q

Osteoarthritis
aka degenerative joint disease

A

Most common
Localized
Non-inflammatory
Affects big joints (hips, knees) and fingers and neck

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11
Q

Heberdon’s Nodes

A

Osteoarthritis
DIP joints
Limit motion

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12
Q

Bouchard’s Nodes

A

Osteoarthritis
PIP joints
Painful, limit motion

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13
Q

NSAIDs 💊

A

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
(Aspirin, ibuprofen)

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14
Q

P.O

A

Taken by mouth 👄 💊

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15
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

A

Chronic (flares up and then diminishes)
Systemic, whole body, esp. synovial lining of joints
Autoimmune disorder, body attacks itself

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16
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis
disease process

A

Inflammatory
Swelling of synovial lining

17
Q

Pannus
(deals with Rheumatoid arthritis)

A

Inflamed cells produce enzymes (functional proteins) that digest cartilage and bone.
Dissolve bone

18
Q

Sjogren’s Syndrome
(Rheumatoid arthritis)

A

Collection of symptoms
Mucus membranes dry out, skin stiffens

19
Q

Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis (JRA)

A

More severe than RA
Rash, high fever, swelling of liver and spleen
Can stunt epiphyseal cartilage growth/ long bones

20
Q

Ankylosing Spondylitis

A

Males 20-40
Inflammatory, systemic

Ossification (calcified and hardened) of disks, joints, ligaments of spinal column

Stiffness, fusion of spine, pelvis and lower spine

Chronic pain at rest, sometimes relieved with movement

21
Q

Gout

A

Crystal build up in joints
Painful, swollen joints
Tx: meds, diet, low impact exercise (swimming)

22
Q

goniometer

A

Instrument that measures angel motion at a joint

23
Q

Articulation function

A

Point of contact between bones
Amount of movement varies

24
Q

Gliding joints

A

Ankles (tarsals)
wrist (carpals)
spine (vertebrae)

25
Q

Fibrous (synarthroses) joints
Mostly immovable

A

Syndesmoses (between radius/ulna)
Sutures (skull joint)
Gomphoses (gum 🦷)

26
Q

Cartilaginous (Amphiarthroses) joints
Slightly moveable

A

1) Synchondroses
ribs to sternum
Epiphyseal plate (hyaline cartilage)
2) Symphyses
Pubic bone
Vertebral disk

27
Q

Synovial (Diarthroses) joints
Freely move

A

Most numerous
Most complex
Most common joint in appendicular skeleton

28
Q

Uniaxial Joints

A

Hinge and pivot

29
Q

Hinge joint

A

Humerus
Elbow
Knee

30
Q

Pivot joint

A

Vertebra
Neck
Twisting wrist, ankle

31
Q

Biaxial joints

A

Saddle and condyloid joint

32
Q

Saddle joint

A

Thumb 👍🏽
Metacarpal / carpal

33
Q

Condyloid joints
Ellipsoidal

A

Radius and carpal bones

34
Q

Multiaxial joints

A

Ball and socket joint
Gliding joint

35
Q

Ball and socket joints

A

Shoulder joint
Hip

Skeletal System Pt2 (1 decks)

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