Skeletal System

Question 1

How many bones are in the skeleton?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

Name the two parts of the skeleton.

Answer 2

Axial Skeleton - head, neck, trunk

Appendicular - appendages which are attached to the body.

Question 3

Name some types of long bones

Answer 3

Femur
Tibia / Fibula
Clavicle
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
Metacarpals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Question 4

Name some types of short bones

Answer 4

Tarsals
Carpals

Question 5

Name some types of flat bones

Answer 5

Occipital
Parietal
Frontal
Nasal
Vomer
Lacrimal
Scapula
Innominate bones
Sternum

Question 6

Name some types of Irregular bones

Answer 6

Vertebrae
Sacrum & Coccyx
Maxilla
Mandible
Ethmoid
Palatine
Sphenoid
Zygomatic
Termporal

Question 7

Name some types of sesamoid bones (bones within tendons - floating)

Answer 7

Patella
Hyoid

Question 8

There are two types of cells that bone tissue is mad from:

Answer 8

Osteoblasts and osteoclasts.

Question 9

Dense bone tissue that has honeycomb structure. Found in the shaft of long bones and is also a protective outer shell for cancellous bone.

Answer 9

Compact Bone

Question 10

A light and spongey bone. found at the ends of long bones and in irregular, flat and sesamoid bones. Contain red bone marrow which produces blood cells.

Answer 10

Cancellous bone

Question 11

This bone forms the forehead and upper eye cavity. Joined to the parietal bones by the coronal suture.

Answer 11

Frontal

Question 12

Forms the bones of the nose

Answer 12

Nasal

Question 13

Inverted L shape bones. Form the bottom of the nose and eye cavities and the wall of the roof of the mouth.

Answer 13

Palantine

Question 14

Thin flat bone which separate the nasal cavities and articulates at the top with the ethmoid bone.

Answer 14

Vomer

Question 15

The cheek bones. Form the bottom and sides of the eye orbit.

Answer 15

Zyogmatic

Question 16

Scroll shaped bones which form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavity.

Answer 16

Turbinator

Question 17

The upper jaw bones (containing upper teeth, anterior roof of mouth, orbital cavity)

Answer 17

Maxila

Question 18

The lower jaw. Forms chin and sides of face. Contains lower teeth and is only moveable bone in the face.

Answer 18

Mandible

Question 19

These bones form top and sides of the cranium

Answer 19

Parietal

Question 20

This bones forms the base of the cranium and has wing like parts that stick out. Articulates with the frontal, parietal and temporal bones.

Answer 20

Sphenoid

Question 21

Very small bones positioned behind the lateral to the nasal bones. In the eye sockets and contain foramina for the passage of nasolacrimal duct (tear duct)

Answer 21

Lacrimal bones

Question 22

Positined below the frontal bone and in front of the sphenoid bone. Forms the orbital cavity and nasal cavity.

Answer 22

Ethmoid

Question 23

V shaped bone at the root of the tongue. Not articulated with any other bones.

Answer 23

Hyoid

Question 24

Bones that form the lower sides of the cranium.

Answer 24

Temporal

Question 25

Bone the forms the back of the cranium.

Answer 25

Occipital

Question 26

Names the vertebral column sections from top to bottom

Answer 26

Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal

Question 27

Name the two bones in the shoulder girdle

Answer 27

Clavicle Scapula

Question 28

Name the three parts of the INNOMINATE BONE which form the pelvic girdle

Answer 28

Ilium Pubis Ischium

Question 29

Name the bones of the arm from superior to inferior

Answer 29

Humerus Ulna (medial) Radius (lateral) Carpals (8) Metacarpals (5) Phalanges (14)

Question 30

Name the bones of the leg from superior to inferior

Answer 30

Femur Fibula (medial) Tibia (lateral) Tarsals (7) Metatarsals (5) Phalanges (14)

Question 31

Name the 8 CARPALS

Answer 31

1- Scaphoid 2- Lunate 3- Triquetral 4- Pisiform 5- Trapezium 6- Trapezoid 7- Capitate 8- Hamate

Question 32

Name the 7 TARSALS

Answer 32

1- Talus 2- Calcaneum 3- Navicular 4- Cuboid 5- Lateral Cuneiform 6- Intermediate Cuneiform 7- Medial Cuneiform

Question 33

What type of joints are shoulder and hip joints?

Answer 33

Ball and socket (synovial)

Question 34

What type of joints are tarsal and carpals?

Answer 34

Gliding (synovial)

Question 35

What type of joints are elbow, knee, ankle, joints between phalanges of fingers

Answer 35

Hinge (synovial)

Question 36

What type of joints are the first two cervical verebrae (which allow the head to rotate) and the proximla ends of radius and ulna?

Answer 36

Pivot (synovial)

Question 37

What type of joints are slightly moveable? Found in the spine.

Answer 37

Cartilagenous joints

Question 38

What type of joints have no movement. Fibrous tissue between ends of bones. Found in sutures of the skull and innominate bones.

Answer 38

Fixed / Fibrous joints

Question 39

What are the 3 postorial deformities?

Answer 39

Kyphosis Scoliosis Lordosis

Question 40

What fracture is a broken bone in one place that has NOT damaged tissue around it

Answer 40

Simple Fracture

Question 41

What fracture is a broken bone that pierces the skin and makes an open wound?

Answer 41

Compound Fracture

Question 42

What fracture is a broken bone in several places?

Answer 42

Comminuted

Question 43

What fracture is in soft and flexible bones - incomplete fracture of a long bone

Answer 43

Greenstick

Question 44

What fracture is a broken bone and one end is driven into the other?

Answer 44

Impacted

Question 45

What fracture damaged tissues and/or organs around it?

Answer 45

Complicated

Question 46

Describe arhritis

Answer 46

inflammation of joints loss of cartilage

Question 47

What is Gout

Answer 47

form of arthritis. often in big toe. chronis destruction of joint.

Question 48

What is osteo-arthritis

Answer 48

associated with ageing process. cartilage of joints breaks down, affects weight bearing joints like knees, feet and back.

Question 49

What is rheumatoid arthritis

Answer 49

auto immune disease that attacks the synovial membranes and goes on to degrade and malform bones.

Question 50

What is osteoporosis

Answer 50

Known as brittle bones. Calcium deficiency, accelerated bone loss.

Question 51

What is Slipped Disc

Answer 51

weakening or tearing of an invertebral disc

Question 52

What is carpal tunnel syndrome

Answer 52

painful disorder, compression of nerve in carpel tunnel. discomfort and weakness in hands.

Question 53

What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 53

inflammatroy disease of connective tissue - fever, weakness, fatigue, joint pains

Question 54

What is Cervial spondylitis

Answer 54

degenerative arthritis of joint in cervial vertebrae

Question 55

What is synovitis

Answer 55

inflammation of synovial membrane that lines a synovial joint. Pain and swelling

Question 56

What is Whiplash

Answer 56

inuury to the neck from rapid acceleration.

Question 57

What is Loss of Limb

Answer 57

Prosthesis, an artifical extenion that replaces a missing body part

Question 58

What is Osteomalacia

Answer 58

abnormal softening of bones caused by deficiencies of phospohorus, calcium or Vit D.

Question 59

What is Osteogenisis imperfecta

Answer 59

A disroder of connective tissue characterised by brittle bones that fracture easily

Question 60

What is Psoriatic Arthritis

Answer 60

immune system disorder that includes psoriatic skin lesions and join inflammationP

Question 61

What is Paget's disease

Answer 61

condition chartacterised by excessive overgrowth of bone, especially in spine, pelivis, skull and femur. Increase in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity.

Question 62

What is Rickets

Answer 62

bone softening and deforming diesease, often in children. Deificiency of Vit D and sunlgight. bowed legs, knock knees.

Question 63

What is Scleroderma

Answer 63

chronic auto-immune diease characterised by hardening or sclerosis in the skin or other organs.

Question 64

What is spinal stenosis

Answer 64

spinal canal narrows and compresses the spinal cord.