Skeletal System

Question 1

Axial

Answer 1

The skull, ribcage, and vertebral column (spine)

Question 2

Appendicular

Answer 2

Six sections:
1. Shoulder girdle
2. Arms
3. Hands
4. Pelvic girdle
5. Legs
6. Feet

Question 3

Vertebrae

Answer 3

The discs that make up the spine

Question 4

Limb

Answer 4

Arms, legs, tail

Question 5

Osteocyte

Answer 5

Bone Cells

Question 6

Osteoblast

Answer 6

(Bone forming cells) Secrete a mineral that forms a matrix around them, and then hardens. They are immature bone cells

Question 7

Osteoclast

Answer 7

Reabsorbs bone and remodels the bone structure

Question 8

Proximal

Question 9

Distal

Question 10

What are the five main functions of the skeleton

Answer 10

Structure
Locomotion (movement)
Protection
Mineral storage
Haematopoiesis

Question 11

What are the main minerals stored within the skeleton

Answer 11

Calcium & Phosphorus

Question 12

How many bones do adult humans have

Answer 12

206

Question 13

How many bones does the canine skeleton have

Answer 13

321

Question 14

How many bones does a feline skeleton have/

Answer 14

244

Question 15

Bone Structure

Answer 15

1. Spongy Bone
2. Compact Bone
3. Bone Marrow
4. Blood Vessels & nerves
5. Epiphyseal Line

Question 16

Spongy bone

Answer 16

Very light
Shock absorbing

Question 17

Compact bone

Answer 17

Very strong
Brittle
80% of bone

Question 18

Bone marrow

Answer 18

Haematopoesis

Question 19

Haematopoesis

Answer 19

The formation of blood cellular components

Question 20

Blood Vessels & Nerves

Answer 20

Nutrients in
Blood cells out

Question 21

Epiphyseal Line

Answer 21

Growth plate

Question 22

Bone types

Answer 22

1. Long
2. Short
3. Irregular
4. Flat

Question 23

Cartilage (structure)

Answer 23

• Rubbery, connective tissues that forms a barrier between bones
• Replaced by the body when it wears down

Question 24

Cartilage (function)

Answer 24

• Prevents bones rubbing together as they would wear away
• Sharks bones and teeth are made of cartilage

Question 25

Ligaments & Tendons (structure)

Answer 25

- Dense connective tissues - Fibres form rope-like structures

Question 26

Ligaments & Tendons (function)

Answer 26

- Connects bone to bone (ligaments) - Connects muscle to bone (tendons)

Question 27

Vertebral Column (function)

Answer 27

- Protects the spinal cord - Allows the body to twist and bend - Bone discs split into five sections: - Cervical (neck) - Thoracic (chest) - Lumbar (abdomen) - Sacral (pelvis) - Coccygeal (caudal)

Question 28

Mammals have how many cervical vertebrae

Answer 28

7

Question 29

Which mammals are the exceptions to the cervical vertebrae rule?

Answer 29

Manatee (6) Two toed sloth (5/6) Three toed sloth (9)

Question 30

What adaptations do birds have that allow flight?