skeletal system

Question 1

what are the functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

protect organs, supports the body, helps with movement, stores minerals, produces blood cells, and stores fat

Question 2

what is another term for blood cells formation?

Answer 2

hematopoiesis

Question 3

how many bones do we have in the body?

Answer 3

206 bones

Question 4

what categories are the bones divided into?

Answer 4

axial and appendicular skeleton

Question 5

how many bones are we born with?

Answer 5

300 bones

Question 6

what does the axial skeleton contain?

Answer 6

the skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

Question 7

what does the appendicular skeleton contain?

Answer 7

the upper and lower extremities, and the girdles

Question 8

flat bones

Answer 8

thin, broad-shaped bones

Question 9

long bones

Answer 9

they form the extremities, such as the arms, legs, fingers, and toes

Question 10

short bones

Answer 10

bones with similar length, width, and height, making them cube-shaped

Question 11

irregular bones

Answer 11

bones with unusual shapes, making them difficult to classify into long, short, or flat bones

Question 12

sesamoid bones

Answer 12

specialized bones located within tendons

Question 13

what are the three types of bone tissue?

Answer 13

compact, spongy, and subchondral bone tissue

Question 14

how many bones are in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 14

126 bones

Question 15

what are the divisions of the appendicular skeleton and the number of bones in each division?

Answer 15

• pectoral girdles (4 bones)
• upper extremities (60 bones)
• lower extremities (60 bones)
• pelvic girdles (2 bones)

Question 16

what are the two functions of the pectoral girdle?

Answer 16

• connects the upper extremities to the axial skeleton
• provides structure and support to the shoulder region of the body

Question 17

what are the four functions of the pelvic girdle?

Answer 17

• connects the lower extremities to the axial skeleton
• supports the upper body’s weight when sitting
• transferring weight to the lower extremities when standing
• protects the organs of the pelvic cavity

Question 18

how many bones make up the skull? name them.

Answer 18

14 bones. nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha, maxilla, mandible, vomer, zygomatic, palatine.

Question 19

how many sections are in the vertebral column? list each section and what vertebrae they contain.

Answer 19

5 sections in the vertebral column
1.) cervicle vertebrae - contains the neck
2.) thoracic vertebrae - contains the chest
3.) lumbar vertebrae - lower back
4.) sacrum - triangular-shaped bone
5.) coccyx - tailbone

Question 20

how many ribs do we have? what are the sections?

Answer 20

12 ribs
1.) true ribs
2.) false ribs
3.) floating ribs

Question 21

name the bones in the pectoral girdle.

Answer 21

clavicle and scapula

Question 22

name the bones in the pelvic girdle.

Answer 22

coxal bone

Question 23

________ goes to pinky

Answer 23

ulna

Question 24

________ goes to thumb

Answer 24

radius

Question 25

name the bones of the arm:

Answer 25

humerus, radius, ulna

Question 26

name the bones of the leg: which one is the strongest?

Answer 26

femur, tibia, fibula the femur bone is the strongest bone in the leg.

Question 27

diaphysis

Answer 27

the longest part of the bons or shaft

Question 28

epiphysis

Answer 28

the each end of the shaft of a bone

Question 29

epiphyseal line

Answer 29

location where bone replaces the cartilage in the epiphyseal plate causing bone growth to stop

Question 30

periosteum

Answer 30

a thick, fibrous tissue that covers the outside of a bone containing nerves, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels.

Question 31

articular cartilage

Answer 31

a thin layer of cartilage that covers the articulating surfaces of synovial joints.

Question 32

medullary (marrow) cavity

Answer 32

a hollow canal in the center of the bone where yellow marrow is stored

Question 33

spongy bone

Answer 33

a strong honeycomb framework that resists forces in many directions and cushions the bone from impacts.

Question 34

red bone marrow

Answer 34

a sponge-like tissue found in the epiphyses and certain flat bones. it produces red blood cells, platelets, and some white blood cells.

Question 35

yellow marrow

Answer 35

a tissue found in the medullary canal and primarily serves as fat storage.

Question 36

osteoblasts

Answer 36

bone cells that lay down new bone for bone growth and repair and absorb minerals from the blood.

Question 37

osteoclasts

Answer 37

bone cells that resorb old, damaged, or unneeded bone.

Question 38

osteocytes

Answer 38

bone cells found inside the inorganic bone matrix that direct osteoclasts when bone resorption is needed.

Question 39

ossification

Answer 39

process of bone formation

Question 40

sulcus

Answer 40

groove or depression in a bone

Question 41

sinus

Answer 41

air space located superior to the nasal cavity

Question 42

fossa

Answer 42

a bone marking characterized by a basin-like dip depression.

Question 43

foramen

Answer 43

a bone marking characterized by a hole that passes through a bone.

Question 44

true ribs

Answer 44

attached to sternum in front and vertebrae in back

Question 45

false ribs

Answer 45

attached to vertebrae in back but attached to cartilage of 7th rib

Question 46

floating ribs

Answer 46

attached to vertebrae in back

Question 47

sternum

Answer 47

breast bone

Question 48

clavicle

Answer 48

collar bone

Question 49

scapula

Answer 49

shoulder blade

Question 50

humerus

Answer 50

upper arm bone

Question 51

radius

Answer 51

lower arm bone on the thumb side

Question 52

ulna

Answer 52

lower arm bone, whose upper end forms the elbow.

Question 53

carpals

Answer 53

bones that form the wrist

Question 54

metacarpals

Answer 54

bones that form the palm

Question 55

phalanges

Answer 55

bones that form the fingers and toes

Question 56

ilium

Answer 56

largest of 3 hip bones (upper flared portion)

Question 57

iliac crest

Answer 57

upper curved edge of ilium

Question 58

ischium

Answer 58

lowest part of hip bones

Question 59

symphysis pubis

Answer 59

the joint where the coxal bones converge anteriorly and connect to form a strong foundation to support the body’s trunk.

Question 60

acetabulum

Answer 60

formed by segments of ilium, ischium, and pubis

Question 61

femur

Answer 61

thigh bone in the upper leg. it is the longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the body.

Question 62

patella

Answer 62

kneecap

Question 63

tibia

Answer 63

shin in the lower leg

Question 64

fibula

Answer 64

a bone in the lower leg

Question 65

tarsals

Answer 65

bones that form the ankle

Question 66

calcaneus

Answer 66

bones that form the heel