Skeletal system 🦴

Question 1

What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

Movement, Support, Protections, Making blood, and Storage

Question 2

What are the 2 major parts of the skeletal system?

Answer 2

axial skeleton- The central part of the skeleton
appendicular skeleton-The parts that attach to the axial skeleton, like the arms and legs

Question 3

What are the 4 basic bone shapes with examples?

Answer 3

Long- femur, humerus
Short- carpals, and tarsals
Flat- skull, sternum
Irregular- spine, sacrum

Question 4

What are the 4 layers of bones?

Answer 4

Periosteum- Covers bones
Compact bone- Lies beneath the periosteum
Spongy bone- Lies beneath the compact bones
Bone marrow- Fills the gaps between the spongy bones

Question 5

Does the compact bones consist of small canal?

Answer 5

Yes, the compact bones consists of small canals for blood vessels and nerves

Question 6

Note: spongy bones if only found at the ends of bones

Answer 6

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Question 7

What are the 2 types of blood marrow and their functions?

Answer 7

Red Marrow- produces most of the body’s blood cells.

Yellow Marrow- stores fat that can serve as an energy reserve

Question 8

What 2 minerals are bones made out of?

Answer 8

Calcium and phosphorus

Question 9

How do bones develop?

Answer 9

Bones develop through a process called ossification, where cartilage gradually turns into hard bone

Question 10

Do this labelling practice: https://www.abcya.com/games/skeletal_system

Answer 10

well done🥳🎉

Question 11

What are the 5 parts of the vertebral column?

Answer 11

The cervical region, The thoracic region, the lumbar region, sacrum, and coccyx.

Question 12

Label the parts of the vertebral column on a diagram

Answer 12

well done🥳🎉

Question 13

Which bone is at the top of your arm the radius or the ulna

Answer 13

The radius

Question 14

Which bone is at the front of your leg the tibia or the fibula?

Answer 14

The tibia

Question 15

What are joints?

Answer 15

Joints are the places where two or more bones meet, allowing movement.

Question 16

What are the three structural classifications
of joints

Answer 16

Fibrous joints: Don’t move much because the bones are tightly joined with tough tissue.

Cartilaginous joints: Allow some movement — more than fibrous joints, but less than synovial joints.

Synovial joints: Move the most and have a slippery fluid (synovial fluid) to help bones glide easily.

Question 17

What are the 5 types of moveable joints with examples?

Answer 17

Hinge- knee and elbow
Ball-and-socket- shoulder and hip
Pivot- Neck, wrist and ankles
Gliding- knuckles, wrist, and ankles
Saddle- the thumb

Question 18

What are ligaments and tendons?

Answer 18

Ligaments connect bones to bones, and tendons connect muscles to bones.

Question 19

What are the 3 skeletal systems in different organisms?

Answer 19

Hydrostatic skeleton- A hydrostatic skeleton is a soft body supported by fluid pressure, helping the animal move.
Exoskeleton- Hard outer shell made of chitin (to grow they shed old skeleton)
Endoskeleton- Hard skeleton on the inside

Question 20

Are bones living tissue

Answer 20

Yes they are

Question 21

What are osteoblast, osteocytes, and osteoclasts?

Answer 21

Osteoblasts build new bone.

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that maintain bone.

Osteoclasts break down old bone.

Question 22

Note: Osteoclasts consist of lysosomes (enzymes) that dissolve bone with acids

Answer 22

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Question 23

Note: bones are vascular because they have a rich blood supply

Answer 23

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Question 24

Osteocytes are matured osteoblasts

Answer 24

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Question 25

What happens when there is too much calcium in the bones?

Answer 25

Hormones from the endocrine system will send signals to the bone in whether to release or deposit the calcium

Question 26

Bones work alongside cells called chondroblasts, what are chondroblasts?

Answer 26

Chondroblasts are the cells that make the connective tissue cartilage

Question 27

What happens when a bone breaks?

Answer 27

When a bone breaks, chondroblasts first create cartilage to connect the broken parts. Then, osteoblasts build new bone by replacing this cartilage with hard bone tissue. Osteocytes maintain the new bone, while osteoclasts remove any extra bone to help reshape and strengthen the area.