Skeletal System

Question 1

What is a fixed joint?

Answer 1

Don’t allow any movement between the bones.

Question 2

Where to find a fixed joint in the body?

Answer 2

The cranium (skull)

Question 3

What’s the largest bone in the body?

Answer 3

The femur

Question 4

What is the smallest bone in the body?

Answer 4

The stapes

Question 5

What does the axial skeleton consist of?

Answer 5

Skull, spine, ribs and sternum

Question 6

What does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

Answer 6

Shoulders, arms, hips and legs

Question 7

What’s the proper name for the collar bone?

Answer 7

Clavicle

Question 8

What’s the proper name for the jaw bone?

Answer 8

Mandible

Question 9

What’s the proper name for the shoulder blade?

Answer 9

Scapula

Question 10

What is a slightly moveable or cartilaginous joint?

Answer 10

• Held in place by cartilage

- allows slight movement

Question 11

What are ligaments?

Answer 11

Connect bone to bone

Question 12

What are tendons?

Answer 12

Attach muscle to bone

Question 13

What is cartilage?

Answer 13

Acts as a cushion between joints to protect bones

Question 14

What are the long bones in the body?

Answer 14

Femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, ulna, radius, metacarpals, metatarsals and phalanges

Question 15

What are the flat bones in the body?

Answer 15

Cranium, some facial bones, scapula, ribs, sternum, pelvis

Question 16

What are the short bones?

Answer 16

Carpals, tarsals

Question 17

What are the irregular bones?

Answer 17

Vertebrae, mandible, maxilla, coccyx

Question 18

Which bones consist of spongy tissue in the ends and are slightly curved to absorb shock?

Answer 18

Long bones

Question 19

Which bones are strong, made of spongy bone covered in compact tissue?

Answer 19

Short bones

Question 20

Which bones are shaped irregularly and classified differently to the other 3 types?

Answer 20

Irregular bones

Question 21

Which bones consist of flat spongy tissue sandwiched between 2 layers of compact tissue?

Answer 21

Flat bones

Question 22

What is in the joint to enable it to move freely over one another?

Answer 22

Cartilage and synovial fluid

Question 23

What layer of bone is the compact bone?

Answer 23

Outer layer

Question 24

What layer of bone is spongy bone?

Answer 24

Inner layer

Question 25

What's a sprain injury?

Answer 25

Ligament stretches too far causing it to tear

Question 26

What is a strain injury?

Answer 26

Muscle or tendon stretches too far or stretches while contracting

Question 27

What joint swings backwards/forwards?

Answer 27

Hinge joint

Question 28

What joint completes all type of movement?

Answer 28

Ball and socket joint

Question 29

What joint allows movement in 2 directions but different to ball and socket?

Answer 29

Saddle joint

Question 30

What types of muscles are there?

Answer 30

Smooth, skeletal and cardiac

Question 31

How many muscles are in the body?

Answer 31

640

Question 32

Explain RICE

Answer 32

``` To treat muscular injuries R-est I-ce C-ompression E-levation ```

Question 33

What's the proper name for the shoulder muscles?

Answer 33

Deltoids

Question 34

What's the proper name for the top arm muscles?

Answer 34

Biceps

Question 35

What's the proper name for the bottom arm muscles?

Answer 35

Triceps

Question 36

What's the proper name for the chest muscles?

Answer 36

Pectorals

Question 37

What's the proper name for the bottom muscles

Answer 37

Gluteus Maximus

Question 38

What's the proper name for the calf muscle?

Answer 38

Gastrocnemius

Question 39

What's the proper name for the stomach muscles?

Answer 39

Abdominal

Question 40

What's the proper name for the thigh muscle?

Answer 40

Sartorius (quadriceps)

Question 41

Which muscle is involuntary?

Answer 41

Smooth muscle

Question 42

Explain the functions of the skeleton;

Answer 42

Support- The skeleton gives shape, supports the bodies parts. Movement- Provides points of attachment. Muscles contract, allows movement to take place. Protection- Vital organs are protected by bones. Storage- Store minerals and fats such as calcium, potassium, sodium and phosphorus. Blood cell production- Red marrow contained with certain bones produces blood cells.

Question 43

What are the names of the vertebrae and how many in each section?

Answer 43

``` Cervical - 7 Thoracic - 12 Lumbar - 5 Sacral - 5 Coccyx - 4 ```

Question 44

What are examples of a slightly moveable joint?

Answer 44

Vertebrae, Sternum, Ribcage

Question 45

What is a freely moveable or synovial joint?

Answer 45

Allows a lot of movement between bones.

Question 46

What are examples of freely moveable joint?

Answer 46

Hinge joint - allow one movement, eg. elbow and knee Ball and Socket joint- hip and shoulder Gliding joint- bones slide over one another, e.g wrist and ankle. Pivot joint- eg. between radius and ulna, first and second vertebrae in the neck. saddle joint- thumb.

Question 47

What are tendons?

Answer 47

Connect muscle to bone. | Are not elastic, they cannot be stretched.

Question 48

What are ligaments?

Answer 48

Connect bone to bone. | Are elastic, can be stretched.

Question 49

Describe the structure of a long bone?

Answer 49

Have a hollow shaft filled with fat (yellow bone marrow).

Question 50

Describe the structure of a flat bone?

Answer 50

Spaces between the plates of spongy bone are filled with red bone marrow. Within red bone marrow blood cells are created.

Question 51

What is voluntary muscle?

Answer 51

- Attach muscle to bone. - Moves bones under your conscious control - All of body - Also known as skeletal muscle.

Question 52

What is Involuntary muscle?

Answer 52

- Founds in organs, such as intestines and around blood vessels. - Works without you consciously controlling it. - Also known as smooth muscle.

Question 53

What is cardiac muscle?

Answer 53

- Type of involuntary muscle? | - Contracts without conscious effort of thought.