Skeletal System 6,7,8 Flashcards
The skeleton of the body is made up of
Bones and cartilage, which are specialized connective tissue.
Function of bones
Support the body
Facilitate movement
Produce blood cells
Protect the internal organs
Stores and release minerals, and fats
Types of bones depending on shape
Long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, small bone
The gross anatomy of long bones
Long bone has two parts:
Diaphysis (shaft)
Epiphysis
Diaphysis
Is the shaft of the bone between two epiphyseal ends.
Medullary cavity
The hollow region in the diaphysis filled with yellow marrow in adults
Compact bone
The wall of the diaphysis that is dense and hard
Epiphysis
The proximal and distal epiphysis are the ends of the bone filled with spongy bone. Red marrow fills the space in the spongy bone.
Endosteum
Lines the medullary cavity, where bone growth, repair, and remodeling occur.
Periosteum
Tough membrane contains blood vessels and nerves that nourish it. It has capacity to form a new bone.
Joints are, and articulate cartilage is
Where epiphysis meet other bone to form joints, the epiphysis are covered with articular cartilage a thin layer of hyaline cartilage that reduce friction and act as shock absorber
Short bones are, structure, examples, and function
Roughly cube-like
Compact bone layer surrounding spongy bone mass
Carpal and tarsal bones
Provide stability and support, as well as some limited motion
Flat bone structure, example, and function
Thin, flattened, and often curved
Parallel layers of compact bone with spongy layer between
Cranium consist of a layer of diploe (spongy bone), lined on either side by a layer of compact bone
Skull, sternum, scapula and ribs are examples
Flat bones serve as points of attachment for muscles and often protect internal organs
Irregular bones structure, examples, and function
Irregular and shape
Consist of spongy bone with a thin outer layer of compact bone
Hip bones, vertebrae, facial bones
The vertebrae support and protect the spinal cord
Sesamoid bone structure, where the are formed, where they are found. What is the bone and the function
Small round bone that is shaped like sesame seed
Formin tendons where a great deal of pressure is generated in a joint
Found in tendons associated with feet and hands and knees
The patellae only sesamoid bones found in common with every person
Protect tendons by helping them, overcome, compare, compressive force
Types of the skeleton
Axial skeleton, and appendicular skeleton
Axial skeleton consist of
Skull, vertebral column, and sternum
Girdles
Attach limbs to axial skeleton
Pectoral girdle
Consist of bones that hold the upper limbs in place clavicle, and scapula
Pelvic girdle
Bones that hold the lower limbs in place, hip bones
Skull bones organization
Cranial bones
Facial bones
Cranial bones
Contains brain and special sense organs and provides muscle attachment
Facial bones provide and contain
- site for facial muscle attachment
- contain cavities for special sense organs
- contain and protect openings for air and food passages
- secure teeth
Gestation
Taste
