Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the five major functions of the skeletal system?

Answer 1

1. )Support
2. )Movement
3. )protection
4. )produce blood cells
5. ) storage of minerals

Question 2

How many bones are there?

Answer 2

206

Question 3

List the groups of bones that make up the Appendicular Skeletal.

Answer 3

Appendicular:
4 bones in shoulder
6 bones in arms and forearm
58 bones in hands 
8 bones in the legs
56 bones in the feet
2 pelvic bones

Question 4

List the groups of bones that make up the: Axial Skeletal.

Answer 4

29 bones in the head
25 bones of the thorax
26 bones in the vertebral column

Question 5

Explain the process of conversion of cartilage to bone and when this occurs.

Answer 5

This process is called intramembranous ossification: occurs when a cartilage intermediate is formed and replaced by bone cells- a process called endochondral ossification.

Question 6

Which minerals are stored in bone?

Answer 6

Calcium and phosphorus

Question 7

Explain how and where minerals are stored in the bone?

Answer 7

The minerals are stored in the bone matrix. Protein Collagen makes the soft framework where minerals are stored to make bone hard.

Question 8

what is tendon?

Answer 8

structure of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone.

Question 9

What is ligament?

Answer 9

A short band of tough structure of connective tissue that attaches bone to bone.

Question 10

What are the 2 types of marrow bones and what are their functions?

Answer 10

Red bone marrow:produces all red blood cells and platelets in people.
Yellow Bone marrow: stores fat

Question 11

What are two types of bone tissue and where is each found?

Answer 11

Compact: cortical found outside
Spongy: Cancellous, inside

Question 12

What activity helps the bone grow in thickness?

Answer 12

Appositional growth: increase in diameter of bones by the addition of bone tissue on bone’s surface.

Question 13

what is the epiphysis?

Answer 13

epiphysis is the rounded end of a long bone.

Question 14

what is the metaphysis?

Answer 14

transitional zone that holds the growth plate

Question 15

what is the diaphysis?

Answer 15

shaft of a long bone

Question 16

what is the periosteum?

Answer 16

Membrane that covers the outer surface of bones

Question 17

what does osteocyte do?

Answer 17

they are mature permanent bone cells

Question 18

what does osteblast do?

Answer 18

bone generating new cells

Question 19

what does osteoclast do?

Answer 19

break bone

Question 20

what is Lacunae?

Answer 20

house bone producing cells

Question 21

what does the haversion canal do?

Answer 21

surrounds blood vessels and nerve cells

Question 22

what is the function of the volkmann’s canal?

Answer 22

Transmit blood vessels from periostem into bone

Question 23

what is the function of the canaliculi?

Answer 23

supply nutrients via blood vessels

Question 24

what is the function of the haversion system?

Answer 24

provide protection and strength to bones

Question 25

Is the bone a living tissue?

Answer 25

Yes, they contain blood vessels and living cells