skeletal system

Question 1

flexion

Answer 1

bending a joint

Question 2

extension

Answer 2

straightening a joint

Question 3

plantar flexion

Answer 3

pointing toes down

Question 4

dorsiflexion

Answer 4

bending the foot towards the leg

Question 5

abduction

Answer 5

moving away from the bodys midline

Question 6

adduction

Answer 6

moving towards the bodys midline

Question 7

inversion

Answer 7

turning the sole of the foot inward

Question 8

Eversion

Answer 8

turning the sole
of the foot
outward

Question 9

Supination

Answer 9

turning the hand
so the palm faces
upward

Question 10

Pronation

Answer 10

turning the hand
so the palm faces
downward

Question 11

Protraction

Answer 11

moving a body

part forward

Question 12

Retraction

Answer 12

drawing a body

part backward

Question 13

Circumduction

Answer 13

circular

movement

Question 14

Rotation

Answer 14

when a bone “spins”

on its axis

Question 15

Elevation

Answer 15

movement of a body part upward

in a frontal plane

Question 16

Depression

Answer 16

movement of a body part

downward in a frontal plane

Question 17

Opposition

Answer 17

movement of the thumb to

touch each finger

Question 18

pivot joints

Answer 18

allow rotation

Ex: neck and forearm

Question 19

Ball and socket joints

Answer 19

◦ Allow all types of movement, including
rotation
Ex: shoulder and hip

Question 20

Hinge joints

Answer 20

Allow opening and closing movements

◦ Ex: elbows and knees

Question 21

Gliding joints

Answer 21

◦ Allow flat plate-like bones to slide
back and forth
◦ Ex: wrists and ankles

Question 22

Saddle joints

Answer 22

◦ Allow rocking movements in up-
and-down and side-to-side

directions
◦ Ex: base of thumb

Question 23

Arthritis

Answer 23

Inflammation of the joints

Question 24

◦ Osteoarthritis

Answer 24

joint “wears out”

Question 25

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Answer 25

autoimmune | disease

Question 26

Septic Arthritis

Answer 26

an infection in a | joint

Question 27

sprain

Answer 27

Injury to the ligaments in a joint

Question 28

mild, no tear

Answer 28

rest, ice elevate

Question 29

Partially torn, bruising,

Answer 29

more pain

Question 30

Torn

Answer 30

severe pain

Question 31

5 major bone functions

Answer 31

``` structure and support. 2. protects the internal organs. 3. Provides a place for muscles to attach 4. Red blood cells are made inside bones in tissue called marrow. 5. stores compounds such as calcium and phosphorus. ```

Question 32

Epiphyses

Answer 32

``` (ends of long bones) are covered with articular cartilage and articulate (forms a joint) with other bones. ```

Question 33

Diaphysis

Answer 33

middle of bone | or shaft of bone

Question 34

Endosteum:

Answer 34

lines the | medullary canal

Question 35

Medullary Canal:

Answer 35

``` cavity of long bone Filled with yellow bone marrow that functions as a storage center for fat. ```

Question 36

Compact Bone

Answer 36

``` Hard & compact Found along the medullary canal Gives long bone strength ```

Question 37

Spongy Bone

Answer 37

``` Formed when hard bone dissolves away Lightweight and located towards the end of long bone. Found in areas where less strength are needed ```

Question 38

Red Marrow

Answer 38

``` Produced in the spongy ends of boneArea where hematopoiesis (formation of blood cells) takes place Functions in the formation of Erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), & platelets ```

Question 39

Yellow marrow

Answer 39

``` stores fat. With age, it replaces much of the red marrow that occupies the cavities of most bones. Can become red marrow if the body needs blood. ```

Question 40

Red marrow

Answer 40

Red marrow produces red blood cells (erythrocytes) , white blood cells(leukocytes), and blood platelets (thrombocytes) .

Question 41

Osteoprosis

Answer 41

Decreased bone mass that can be due to ◦Aging ◦Decreased mobility ◦ Estrogen deficient or post- menopausal women