skill aq

Question 1

Whats the acronym for characteristics of a skill

Answer 1

ACEFACE

Question 2

Name the characteristics of a skill

Answer 2

Aesthetically pleasing
Consistent
Efficient
Fluent
Accurate
Controlled
Economical

Question 3

What is an ability?

Answer 3

An inherited trait that can be developed through training

Question 4

What is schema learning?

Question 5

Name the 6 skill continua

Answer 5

open - closed
discrete - serial - continuous
gross - fine
self-paced - externally paced
high - low
simple - complex

Question 6

What is an open skill (+example)

Answer 6

a skill in which the outcome is determined by environmental factors

team games

Question 7

What is a closed skill (+example)

Answer 7

A skill thats outcome is not effected by environment

eg. javelin

Question 8

What is a discrete skill (+example)

Answer 8

Has a clear beginning and end

eg, high jump, shotput

Question 9

What is a serial skill(+example)

Answer 9

a skill containing many discrete skills

eg. long jump

Question 10

What is a continuous skill (+example)

Answer 10

A skill with no distinct beginning and end

eg. marathon running

Question 11

What is a gross skill (+example)

Answer 11

One that requires the engagement of major muscle groups

eg. marathon running

Question 12

what is a fine skill (+example)

Answer 12

A skill only uses the contraction of small muscles .

eg. shooting, darts

Question 13

What is a self- paced skill (+example)

Answer 13

A skill that is begun and carried out at the willingness of the performer

eg . a serve in tennis

Question 14

what is an externally paced skill ( +examples)

Answer 14

a skill in which the rate is not decided by the performer but instead by the environment

eg. netball game

Question 15

what is a high organisation skill?(+examples)

Answer 15

a skill that is diffuclt to break down into parts

eg . marathon running

Question 16

what is a low organisation skill?

Answer 16

a skill that can be easily broken down into parts

eg. a artistic dive

Question 17

whats a simple skill (+example)

Answer 17

a skill requiring little to no cognitive input

eg. running, cycling

Question 18

Whats a complex skill? (+example)

Answer 18

one that requires very high cognitive input

eg. archery or tactical team sports

Question 19

give the 4 transfers of learning

Answer 19

bilateral
zero
positive
negative

Question 20

Definition of positive transfer

Answer 20

when the learning of one skill has a positive impact on the learning of another

eg. running and football

Question 21

Definition of negative transfer

Answer 21

when the learning of one skill has a negative impact on the learning of another

eg a serve in tennis and a serve in badminton

Question 22

definition of zero transfer

Answer 22

when the learning of one skill has no impact on the learning of another

eg. swimming and rock climbing

Question 23

definition of bilateral transfer

Answer 23

when the learning of one skill is transferred across the body to opposite limbs

eg. a right footed footballer being encouraged to shoot with his left foot

Question 24

What are the limiting effects of negative transfer

Answer 24

conflicting motor programmes are used making it difficult for the performer to adjust

Question 25

Give the 3 methods of presenting practice

Answer 25

whole whole - part - whole progressive part

Question 26

what is whole practice

Answer 26

practising the skill in its entirety from start to finish

Question 27

ADV/DIS whole practice

Answer 27

ADV - develops - kinesthesis -increased movement fluidity DIS - too much info to digest for beginners - beyond the capability of leanersA

Question 28

ADV/DIS Whole - part - whole

Answer 28

ADV Shows weaknesses that can be fixed with coaching points DIS Time consuming

Question 29

ADV/DIS progressive part

Answer 29

ADV -allows performer to gradually build a routine using correct movement - easier for beginners - highlights weaknesses DIS Time consuming and repetitive if first part is incorrect

Question 30

Name the types of practice

Answer 30

Massed Varied Mental Distributed

Question 31

Whats massed practice

Answer 31

Practice w little to no rest interval breaks

Question 32

Whats distributed practice

Answer 32

Practice w rest intervals

Question 33

Whats varied practice

Answer 33

practice with unpredictable environment. a mix of both massed and distributed practice

Question 34

Whats mental practice

Answer 34

Performer goes through practice in their mind without any physical movement

Question 35

What are the three stages of learning?

Answer 35

1. cognitive 2. associative 3. autonomous

Question 36

What is the cognitive stage of learning?

Answer 36

- no motor programmes are developed - the first stage of learning used by a novice - understanding skills and motor programmes found via trial and error

Question 37

what is the associative stage of learning?

Answer 37

motor programmes are formed movement is smoother performer compares themselves to elite

Question 38

what is the autonomous stage of learning

Answer 38

The performer is elite used by experts when movement is completely fluid, detailed and specific. Movement efficient and automatic

Question 39

Types of feedback ?

Answer 39

Positive negative intrinsic extrinsic knowledge of performance knowledge of results

Question 40

Learning plateu definition

Answer 40

A period in which the performer shows no signs of improvement possibly due to a fault in training or external factors

Question 41

What is operant conditioning?

Answer 41

The use of reinforcement to ensure correct/desired responses are repeated

Question 42

what kind of theory is Operant conditioning?

Answer 42

behaviourist theory - links correct responses to the correct stimulus

Question 43

What is an SR bond ?

Answer 43

the link formed between a response a person makes given the stimulus presented

Question 44

Explain how operant conditioning works

Answer 44

correct responses are strengthened by presenting a satisfyer eg praise incorrect responses are weakened via being ignored or the presentation of an annoyer eg negative feedback

Question 45

What is observational learning

Answer 45

Banduras theory suggesting acceptable and unacceptable behaviour can be learnt from copying others - a coach can use this to their advantage via demos for beginners

Question 46

What are the 4 stages of observational learning?

Answer 46

Attention Retention Motor production Motivation

Question 47

Whats the social development theory

Answer 47

in sport skills can be learnt from others via... INTER - psychological learning : learning from others externally INTRA - psychological learning : learning from within using "inter" experiences

Question 48

what is constructivism and the three stages?

Answer 48

building up learning in stages, based on the current level of their perfomance measured using the zone of proximal development 1. what can i do 2. what can i do with help 3. what can i not do yet

Question 49

What is insight learning?

Answer 49

using experience, previously learnt skills and general understanding to solve problems and answer questions athlete draws from own experiences to problem solve with little to no input from a coach

Question 50

What are the method of guidance?

Answer 50

1)visual 2)verbal 3) manual 4) mechanical