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Nursing Skills 1 > Skills 1 > Flashcards

Skills 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the correct sequence for doffing PPE

A

Gloves, apron, eye protection, mask, wash hands

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2
Q

What are transient microorganisms?

A

found on the surface of skin and are easily transferrable.

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3
Q

what are resident microorganisms?

A

are natural body flora - on the first layer of skin and the surface.

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4
Q

alcohol based hand rub is recommended for?

A
  • routine hand decontamination
  • removing transient organisms
  • quick and easy decontamination
  • as it is better tolerated by the hands
  • as it can be used at the point of care
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5
Q

liquid soap and water handwashing is recommended for?

A
  • removing dirt, organic matter and transient organisms
  • when hands are visibly soiled
  • when caring for patients with diarrhoeal illness
    when caring for patients with norovirus/c-difficile
  • after several alcohol gel hand washes.
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6
Q

antiseptic solutions are recommended for?

A
  • reducing transient and resident microorganisms
  • used before surgery or invasive procedures
  • when there is a significant outbreak on a ward/advised by infection control team.
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7
Q

what is emesis?

A

vomiting

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8
Q

what are some side effects of emesis?

A

dehydration, nutritional deficiency, electrolyte and acid based imbalances.

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9
Q

what is haematemesis?

A

presence of blood in vomit

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10
Q

what is copraemesis

A

presence of faeces in vomit

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11
Q

which type of diabetes results in the absence of insulin?

A

Type 1

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12
Q

which type of diabetes causes cells to be less responsive to insulin and reduces insulin production by the pancreas?

A

Type 2

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13
Q

true or false? a normal plasma glucose level is between 4-7mmol/litre?

A

true

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14
Q

True/false - hyperglyceamia occurs when there is a plasma glucose of more than 11mmol

A

true

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15
Q

name the senses which a nurse will use?

A

Hearing, sight, touch and smell.

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16
Q

what are the four stages of Tanner’s clinical judgement model?

A

noticing, interpretation, respond to interpretation and review outcome.

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17
Q

what observations should be made when analysing vomit?

A

frequency/duration of vomiting, volume, consistency, colour, odour.

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18
Q

what are the WHO 5 moments for hand hygeine?

A

before touching a patient, before an aseptic procedure, after body fluid exposure, after touching a patient and after touching a patient’s surroundings.

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19
Q

what are the 6 vital observations?

A

RR, Pulse, cap fill, blood pressure, temperature and oxygen sat levels.

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20
Q

Other than the rate of respiration, name 2 other things you would observe when taking the observation

A

depth and pattern

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21
Q

what is bradypnoea?

A

abnormally slow breathing

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22
Q

what is tachypnoea?

A

elevated and rapid breathing

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23
Q

what is hyperpnoea?

A

abnormally deep and laboured breathing

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24
Q

where would you look for resp rate in an infant?

A

abdomen

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25
Q

what is a normal range of resp in an adult?

A

12-20bpm

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26
Q

what are some signs of respiratory distress?

A

grunting/snoring/gurgling - sounds
use of accessory muscles - e.g. sucking in
colour - cyanosis (bluish tinge)
nasal flaring/pursed lips

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27
Q

TDS is how many times a day?

A

3

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28
Q

BD is how many times a day?

A

2

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29
Q

what are the two types of respiration?

A

external and internal

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30
Q

how is respiration rate measured?

A

breaths (inspiration and expiration) over 60 seconds.

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31
Q

what is tachypnoea?

A

hyperventilation - RR above normal levels

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32
Q

what factors may influence a patients RR to be recorded inaccurately?

A

person doing it wrong, faulty equipment, wriggly patient, coughing/sneezing.

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33
Q

what is a pulse rate?

A

heart beats per minute

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34
Q

where is the radial pulse?

A

wrist

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35
Q

where is the carotid artery?

A

neck

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36
Q

where is the femoral artery?

A

groin/inner thigh

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37
Q

where is the popliteal artery?

A

back of the knee

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38
Q

when measuring the heart rate, what do you measure?

A

the rate, rhythm and amplitude.

39
Q

what is tachycardia and bradycardia?

A

high heart rate and low heart rate

40
Q

When taking temperature where are the following places you can take it?

tympanic, nasopharyngeal, oesophageal, rectal, axillary, sublingual, temporal

A

ear, nose, oesophagus, anus, armpit, mouth, forehead

41
Q

which 2 routes are recommended for children aged 0-5 when taking a temperature?

A

axilla and tympanic

42
Q

what is a normal temperature range?

A

35.1-37.9

43
Q

what is hypothermia/pyrexia/hyperthermia?

A

hypo - low body temp of 35 or less
pyrexia - fever 0 more than 37 degrees - due to infection
hyper - elevation in body temp due to thermoregulation failure.

44
Q

Normal cap refill should occur in how many seconds?

A

2-3

45
Q

what is a normal range for oxygen saturations?

A

95-100%

46
Q

what does a pulse oximeter measure?

A

blood oxygen levels via red and infared light

47
Q

what is hypertension?

A

high blood pressure

48
Q

what is hypotension?

A

low blood pressure

49
Q

why is record keeping important?

A

to uphold professional standards, accountability, for legal reasons, to use as a tool for communication between other professionals/agencies and the patient, for patient care/safety.

50
Q

what does sbar stand for?

A

situation, background, assessment, recommendations

51
Q

what is an infection agent in the chain of infection?

A

any microorganism that can produce an infection?

52
Q

what is a reservoir in the chain of infection?

A

the place which an organism resides

53
Q

portal of exit in the chain of infection?

A

where the organism exits e.g. mouth, wound, rectum

54
Q

means of transmission in the chain of infection?

A

how it travels, direct or indirect e.g. inanimate objects of living organisms

55
Q

portal of entry in the chain of infection?

A

the place it enters the body

56
Q

susceptible host in the chain of infection?

A

a person who is at higher risk of infection

57
Q

WHICH INFECTION LINK IS THE HEALTH PROFESSIONAL BREAKING BY WASHING THEIR HANDS AFTER LEAVING APATIENT’S ROOM?

A

means of transmission

58
Q

SURGICAL SCRUB – ALCOHOL HAND SANITISERS ARE AN
ACCEPTABLE ALTERNATIVE TO REPEATED WASHING FOLLOWING THE INITIAL SCRUB?

A

true

59
Q

WHICH INFECTION LINK IS ASSOCIATED WITH PLACING SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS IN AN AUTOCLAVE?

A

INFECTIOUS AGENT

60
Q

HEALTH PROFESSIONALS AVOID CONTRACTING BLOOD BORNE INFECTIONS BY MAKING SURE THEIR SKIN IS NOT PUNCTURED BY A NEEDLE – WHICH CHAIN IS BROKEN?

A

portal of entry

61
Q

YOU HAVE RECEIVED A SHARP INJURY – WHAT IS THE CORRECT PROCEDURE?

  1. FORCEFULLY SQUEEZE BLOOD FROM THE SITE,SCRUB WITH SOAP UNDER RUNNING WATER, SEEK ASSISTANCE, APPLY A DRESSING, COMPLETE INCIDENT REPORT.
  2. SEEK ASSISTANCE, SCRUB WITH SOAP UNDER RUNNING WATER, FORCEFULLY SQUEEZE BLOOD FROM THE SITE, APPLY A DRESSING, COMPLETE INCIDENT REPORT.
  3. SEEK ASSISTANCE, ALLOW TO BLEED UNDER RUNNING WATER, WASH WITH SOAP, APPLY DRESSING AND COMPLETE INCIDENT REPORT.
  4. ALLOW TO BLEED UNDER RUNNING WATER, WASH WITH SOAP, APPLY DRESSING, SEEK ASSISTANCE AND FILL IN INCIDENT REPORT.
A

4

62
Q

A HEALTH PROFESSIONAL ADMINISTERS THE CHICKENPOX VACCINE TO A CHILD. WHICH LINK IS BEING BROKEN?

A

susceptible host

63
Q

what type of vaccination contains killed but previously virulent micro-organisms that have been destroyed with chemicals/heat/radioactivty?

A

killed e.g. Hep A or Flu

64
Q

which vaccination contains live, attenuated microorganisms?

A

attenuated e.g. MMR

65
Q

which vaccinations contain inactivated toxic compounds?

A

toxoid e.g. tetanus

66
Q

which vaccinations contain microorganism fragments combined with other organic material

A

protein subunit e.g. Hep B

67
Q

a patient with c-difficile is allocated to a single room, what chain is being broken?

A

means of transmission

68
Q

patients with leprosy, salmonellosis or anthrax should be placed in which isolation?

A

standard

69
Q

a highly susceptible patient should be placed in which isolation?

A

protective

70
Q

when might you do a neuro assessment?

Name 3

A

stroke, developmental regression, alcohol/drug use, concussion, minor HI, brain tumour, migraine, epilepsy, TBI, encephalitis, meningitis, medication misuse.

71
Q

what does ACVPU stand for?

A

alert, voice, pain, unresponsive, confusion

72
Q

what are the 3 key areas of neuro obs?

A

GCS, focal signs, vital signs

73
Q

which part of the abcde does neuro obs fall within?

A

D

74
Q

where are the areas to perform painful stimulus?

A

trapezium, sternum, supraorbital ridge

75
Q

what does PEARL stand for?

A

pupils equal and reactive to light

76
Q

what does ABCDE stand for

A

airway breathing circulation disability exposure

77
Q

name some symptoms of hypovolemic shock

A

tachycardia
tachypnoea
weak
low energy
confusion
hypotension
cool/clammy skin

78
Q

what are the following types of shock?

  1. cardiogenic
  2. hypovolemic
  3. anaphylactic
  4. septic
  5. neurogenic
A
  1. heart
  2. too little blood
  3. allergic
  4. infection
  5. nervous system
79
Q

which steps would you carry out in a primary survey?

A

SAFE approach
assess responsiveness
should HELP
airway
breathing
999/2222
BLS

80
Q

if a strain effects the tendons and muscles, where does a sprain effect?

A

ligaments

81
Q

how would you treat a sprain/strain

A

RICE
rest ice compression elevation

82
Q

what is sepsis?

A

life threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host response to infection - immune system overreacts to an infection.

83
Q

Who are at risk for sepsis? name 3

A

chronic illness/co-existing disease
very young
very old
recent surgery
immunosuppressed
invasive devices
drug therapy
wounds
pregnancy
poor hygiene

84
Q

what does SEPSIS stand for?

A

s - slurred speech or confusion
e - extremely cold hands/feet or extreme shaking
p - passing no urine in a day
s - severe breathlessness
i - it feels like you’re going to die
s - shivering/skin mottled or pale

85
Q

what are the sepsis 6 (3 in 3 out)

A

oxygen, blood cultures, antibiotics, urine output, lactate, fluids

86
Q

what does TIME stand for?

A

Temp, infection, mental decline, extremely ill

87
Q

what is the correct sequence for donning PPE?

A

apron, mask, glasses, gloves

88
Q

If a patient is admitted with a vomiting and diarrhoea infection, what standard infection prevention and control measures should you implement to minimise the spread of infection?

A

Wear PPE, nurse in a single room on their own, correct disposal of waste, hand washing, education to parents and family.

89
Q

When taking a bp what are the 2 readings you need?

a. Systolic and diastolic

b diastolic and tympanic

c. Systolic and tympanic

d. Tympanic and brachial

A

a

90
Q

What are the 3 different types of decontamination:

1 Sterilisation, cleaning, disinfection

2 Sterilisation, wiping, prevention

3 Gloves, cleaning, disinfection

A

1

91
Q

You have received a sharp injury- what is the correct procedure?

1 Seek assistance, run it under water, wash with soap, apply dresing and complete incident results.

2 Allow to bleed under running water, wash with soap, apply dressing, seek assistance, and fill in incident report.

3 Forcefully force blood from the injury, scrub with soap, apply plaster.

A

2

92
Q

What is emotional distress?

1 Mental suffering

2Physical pain

3 Headaches

4 Overtalking

A

1

93
Q

What is incongruent communication

1 Slurring their words

2 Acting in a way that is different from the behaviour they are exhibiting

3 Being withdrawn

4 Being hyper aware

A

2

94
Q

What does SOLER stand for

1 Sit at an angle, O, L, E, R

2 Sit squarely, Open posture, lean towards the other, Eye contact, Relax

3 Sit slouched, Open body language, Lean back, Avoid eye contact, Restrain from relaxing

4 Sit up straight, Open body language, L, E, Relax

A

2

Nursing Skills 1 (1 decks)

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