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Skin Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

If the tattoo area under consideration contains a mole the artist must take care to leave a blank area of skin around the mole of approximately _____ of an inch.

A

1/16

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2
Q

The skin is a major organ of the integumentary system. As the body’s largest organ, the skin accounts for about __% of the body’s weight.

A

15%

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3
Q

One of the most important functions of skin is

A

Protection

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4
Q

The skin exerts its protective function by forming how many barriers?

A

Three

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5
Q

the outer skin surface forms a physical barrier to

A

Infection

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6
Q

the outer epidermis acts as a barrier to

A

water-soluble substances

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7
Q

the basement membrane at the foundation of the skin is a mechanical barrier to

A

The area below it

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8
Q

Protection is also rendered by the _________ formed in the skin.

A

melanin pigment

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9
Q

The integumentary system is composed of the

A

Skin, hair, nails and glands

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10
Q

The integumentary system may also function in the absorption of several substances applied to the skin, including

A

fat-soluble vitamins A, E, and K

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11
Q

The three major layers of the skin are the

A

epidermis, the dermis and the hypodermis

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12
Q

The epidermis is the

A

outer, thinner layer of skin

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13
Q

the dermis is the

A

inner, thicker layer of skin

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14
Q

Beneath the dermis lies

A

a loose subcutaneous layer rich in fat and areolar tissue

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15
Q

The loose subcutaneous layer rich in fat and areolar tissue is called

A

superficial fascia or hypodermis

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16
Q

The epidermis is characterized into how many distinct types?

A

Two

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17
Q

The two distinct types in the epidermis are

A

thick skin and thin skin

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18
Q

Thick skin is about _____ thick

A

1.5 mm

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19
Q

Thick skin is only found where

A

Palms of the hands and soles of the feet

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20
Q

The epidermis contains how many layers

A

Five

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21
Q

The bottom layer of the epidermis is called

A

Stratum basale

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22
Q

stratum Basale has cells that are shaped like

A

Columns

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23
Q

The top layer of the epidermis is called

A

Stratum corneum

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24
Q

Melanocyte cells produce

A

Pigment to the skin

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25
Langerhans' cells are the
front line of defense for the immune system in the skin
26
Merkel cells are
sensitive to touch when compressed or disturbed
27
Tattoo ink located in the epidermis is fugitive and will be lost with cellular turnover within approximately
Four weeks
28
Hair follicles are situated in the
Dermis
29
Each hair follicle is attached to the
errector pili muscle
30
Hair follicles also are attached to
sebaceous oil glands and apocrine scent glands
31
specialized nerve cells called _____ and ______ that transmit sensations of touch and pressure.
Meissner's and Vater-Pacini corpuscles
32
The hypodermis is what layer of skin
Third
33
The hypodermis contains
Fat and larger blood vessels
34
What layer of skin is responsible for regulating the temperature of the skin and body
Hypodermis
35
The human body has how many basic types of tissues
Four
36
The four basic types of tissues in the human body are
epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue.
37
Epithelial tissue, or epithelium
covers the body surfaces, lines its cavities, and forms the major portions of many human glands.
38
Connective tissues are a varied group of tissues composed of cells embedded within a network of fibers called
A matrix
39
The material surrounding the cells within the matrix is known as the
ground substance
40
In some cases, such as blood, the connective tissue has
No solid matrix
41
Muscle tissues are
associated with the movement of the body
42
Nervous tissue is composed of cells adapted to
receive and relay signals, respond to stimuli, and coordinate conscious and unconscious activities
43
At several locations in the body, a sheet of epithelium and its underlying connective tissue form a structure known as
a membrane
44
How many types of membranes exist
Two
45
What are the two types of membranes
mucous membranes and serous membranes
46
Mucous membranes
line the surfaces of passageways leading to the outside of the body, such as in the respiratory and urinary tracts. It also provides protection to the organs and lubrication to surfaces.
47
Serous membranes
line the bodies cavities and cover the surfaces of organs in the ventral cavity. These membranes lubricate the organs and thereby permit movement without friction.
48
Free nerve endings in the skin
detect pain
49
Merkel's discs are
touch receptors in the skin
50
Meissner's corpuscles
detect weak pressure and vibrations
51
Pacinian corpuscles are
receptors that detect stronger pressure and vibration in the skin
52
blood is one of the body's
connective tissues
53
blood contains
red blood cells, white blood cells, and fragments of cells called platelets suspended in liquid plasma
54
The three blood components are referred to as
formed elements
55
Blood has a PH of about
7.35 to 7.45
56
Contact dermatitis
caused by contact with substances to which the individual is allergic
57
Impetigo
is superficial streptococcal or staphylococcal infection, characterized by vesicles, pustules and honey colored serum crusts, It is very contagious
58
Cellulitis
an acute inflammatory process in the skin that may spread rapidly by breaking down cell membranes. Prompt medical attention is required
59
Tinea Corporis
characterized by round or figurative shapes on the body with scaling, commonly called ringworm.
60
Tinea Pedis
fungal infection of the feet commonly referred to as athlete's foot.
61
Tinea capitis
fungal infection of the scalp. Early treatment is important to prevent permanent loss of hair
62
Tinea Cruis
fungal infection of the groin commonly called Jock itch
63
Tinea Versicolor
condition caused by a fungus like organism
64
Warts
also known as Verruca, are caused by the human papilloma virus HPV
65
Molluscum Contagiosum
caused by warts of the pox virus family. They are especially common in children.
66
Scabies
infection caused by microscopic mites, which burrow into the epidermis, causing a hypersensitivity reaction.
67
Alopecia
means hair loss. Common types include: male pattern baldness, female diffuse thinning, and alopecia areata which is characterized by round patches of hair loss.
68
Acne Vulgaris
common inflammatory condition of the sebaceous oit glands characterized by Comedones and Milia.
69
Comedones
blackheads
70
Milia
Whiteheads
71
Rosacea
chronic skin irruption featuring dilation of the small facial blood vessels, flushing of the face and sometimes papules and pustules.
72
Seborrhea
oily condition of the nose, four-headed or scalp due to overactivity of the glands:
73
Actinic Keratosis
precancerous conditions of the upper layer of the skin caused by prolonged chronic exposure to the sun that can turn into skin cancers called squamous cell carcinomas.
74
Cherry Angiomas
small, round red spots composed of small blood vessels, very common in Caucasians.
75
Lentigos
small, flat, brown circular spots which are benign and not related to moles. Commonly known as liver spots. found any where on body
76
Spider Angiomas
small growths, often with the central red spot with spiderlike lines radiating outward.
77
Venous Lake
group of large, dilated blood vessels which resemble a blood blister.
78
Dermatofibromas
benign pea-sized growths that occur on the arms and legs, and are firm to the touch
79
Nevus
neoplasm that looks like a tan, black, or brown macule, papule or nodule commonly referred to as a mole.
80
Limpoa
neoplasm is formed primarily of lipid sites and fat cells
81
chloasma or Melasma
liver spots or mask of pregnancy. found on face
82
Albinism
congenital absence of pigment from the skin, hair and Iris of the eye.
83
Basal Cell Carcinoma
most common form of skin cancer. Caused by sun damage and is curable.
84
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
second most common skin cancer.
85
Malignant Melanoma
most aggressive type of skin cancer.
86
red blood cells
For proper clotting to help stop the bleeding
87
White blood cells
Fight infection
88
lymph fluid from the vascular system mixes with blood to
help destroy foreign invaders if they enter the body.
89
Pediculosis
caused by parasites known as lice.
90
Prompt medical attention is required for
Cellulitis
91
Folliculitis
Infection of the hair follicle

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