Skin

Question 1

Key interventions for burn patients

Answer 1

1. Airway acsess,
2. Administer O2,
3. Cover patient w blanket,
4. Keep pt NPO,
5. Elevate extremities if no fractures obvious,
6. Vitals,
7. Start IV,
8. Tetanus prophylaxis

Question 2

patient is in the resuscitation phase of a burn who is hoarse, has a brassy cough, or difficulty swallowing or produced audible breath sound on exhalation. nursing priority?

Answer 2

Immediately apply oxygen and notify rapid response team

Question 3

Burn patient has pulmonary edema. Nursing priority?

Answer 3

1. Elevate the head of bed at least 45 degrees
2. Apply oxygen
3. Notify Rapid response team

Question 4

Which burn classification?

Pink to red
Mild edema
Yes pain
No blisters
No eschar
3-6 days to heal
No graft
EX: sunburn

Answer 4

superficial

Question 5

Which burn classification?

Pink to red
MIld to moderate edema
Yes Pain
Yes Blisters
No eschar
2 weeks to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects briefly

Answer 5

superficial partial thickness burns

Question 6

Which burn classification?

Red to white
Yes Pain
Moderate Edema
Rare blisters
2-6 weeks to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects for longer, chemicals, grease

Answer 6

Deep partial thickness

Question 7

Which burn classification?

Black, brown, yellow, white or red
Can have pain
Severe edema
No blisters
Yes eschar
Weeks to months to heal
EX: Scalds, flames, touching hot objects for longer, chemicals, grease, electricity

Answer 7

Full thickness

Question 8

Which burn classification?

BLACK
No Pain
No edema
No blisters
Weeks to months to heal
Yes eschar
EX: flames, electr

Answer 8

Deep full thickness

Question 9

What is the actual parkland formula? What phase is it used for?

Answer 9

Volume of LR = 4 mL x %TBSA burned x weight in kg

Question 10

With parkland formula how much do you give in the first 8 hours?

Answer 10

Half of the formula

Question 11

With parkland formula how much do we give in the next 16 hours?

Answer 11

half of the formula

Question 12

With parkland formula how much do we give in the next 8 hours after the first 8 hours?

Answer 12

25% of original formula

Question 13

Rule of nines. What %?

Head and neck

Answer 13

9% (4.5% for front and 4.5% for back)

Question 14

Rule of nines What %?

Each arm

Answer 14

9% ((4.5% for front and 4.5% for back)

Question 15

Rule of nines What %?

anterior trunk

Answer 15

18%

Question 16

Rule of nines What %?

posterior trunk

Answer 16

18%

Question 17

Rule of nines What %?

Each leg

Answer 17

18% (9% for front and 9% for back)

Question 18

Rule of nines What %?

perineum

Answer 18

1 %

Question 19

intubation has not been performed in a patient whose upper airways were exposed to heat or toxic gases, nursing priority?

Answer 19

1. continually assess the upper airway for edema and obstruction
2. Medications like Albumin and Hypertonic solution (pulls from cell to body)

Question 20

what does PaO2 (60-80) look like with burns?

Answer 20

slightly decreased

Question 21

what does

PaCO2 (35-45) look like with burns?

Answer 21

PaCO2

Slightly increased from inhalation

Question 22

pH with burns?

Answer 22

low, metabolic acidosis

Question 23

normal protein? 6.4-8.3

Answer 23

Low, protein lost in wound

Question 24

Albumin? 3.5-5.0

Answer 24

Low, protein lost in wound

Question 25

Skin graft type?: Temporary Human (cadaver) Body rejects in 2 weeks

Answer 25

Homograft | or allograft

Question 26

Skin graft type?: Temporary Another species such as a pig Body rejects in 5-7 days

Answer 26

Heterograft (xenograft)

Question 27

Skin graft type?: ``` Examples: Integra, Epicel, Dermagraft, Alloderm Cultured epithelial autograft Varying percentage of rejection rates Evolving research Expensive ```

Answer 27

Artificial, synthetic skin

Question 28

Skin graft type?: from self Permanent Split thickness grafts Mesh or sheet form

Answer 28

Autograft

Question 29

key interventions for preventing pressure ulcers?

Answer 29

1. Protect bony prominences 2. Watch BNC etc 3. Turn q2 h 4. Float heels 5. Keep Dry

Question 30

Which skin cancer? firm, nodular lesion topped with a crust or a central area of ulceration

Answer 30

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 31

Which skin cancer? PEARLY papule with a central crater and rolled waxy borders. Telangiectasis and pigment flecks visible on close inspection

Answer 31

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Question 32

Which skin cancer? Irregularly shaped pigmented papule or plaque - variegated colors with red, white and blue tones

Answer 32

Melanoma

Question 33

Which skin cancer? small papule with dry, rough, adherent yellow or brown scale. Base may be erythematous. Associated with yellow, wrinkled, weather beaten skin. Thick indurated ones are more likely to be independent.

Answer 33

Actinic keratosis