Skin

Question 1

functions

Answer 1

Protection
Waterproof 
Cushion
Excretion 
Sensory reception

Question 2

2 categories Body membranes

Answer 2

Epithelial membrane - epithelial and underlying connective tissue

Connective tissue membrane - no epithelial cells

Question 3

3 epithelial membrane

Answer 3

Cutaneous
Serous
Mucous

Question 4

Cutaneous

Answer 4

SKIN

Epithelial cells

Question 5

Serous membrane

Answer 5

On surface of closed cavities
2 layers (epithelial and connective)
Parietal (body cavity)
Organ (visceral) (thoracic pleural, abdominal peritoneal)
Secrete watery fluid to reduce friction, organ lube)

Question 6

Mucous membrane

Answer 6

Line openings to exterior

Respiratory excretory digestive

Secrete mucous

Question 7

Connective tissue membranes

Answer 7

No epithelial
Smooth, secrete thick synovial fluid
Reduce friction between bones
Line bursae between moving body p

Question 8

Skin function

Answer 8

Protect against invasion, dehydration, temp change, excrete waste, receptor, generate vit d
Store water, fat, sugar, vit d

Question 9

Skin layers

Answer 9

Epidermis - outer thin
Dermis - thicker, connective
SSubcutaneous- fat and connective houses vessels and nerves

Question 10

Epidermis layers

Answer 10

Innermost = stratum germinativium - undergo mitosis , move upwards and specialize (repair itself), cytoplasm replaced with keratin at surface

Question 11

Keratin

Answer 11

Outermost skin layer, abrasion resistant, waterproof,

In stratum corneum (outer layer)

Question 12

Melanin

Answer 12

Deepest layer (stratum germinatvium)
Pigment from melanocytes
Genetics and sunlight determine cor
Low concentrations, change to skin more obvious (cyanosis vs flush from blood flow)

Question 13

Dermis - function and structure

Answer 13

Thicker than epidermis
Connective tissue
Fibroblast - form collagen and elastin
Dermal papillae - bind skin together

Question 14

Subcutaneous

Answer 14

Connective tissue and fat

Insulate and energy source, shock absorbing pad

Question 15

Hair

Answer 15

Cell grows down to form follicle , hair papilla grows through all layers of epidermis

Question 16

Receptors

Answer 16

Allow body to sense change and relay messages

Question 17

Nails

Answer 17

Produced by epidermis cells and fill with keratin

Question 18

Skin glands

Answer 18

Sweat (sudoriferous)

Sebaceous

Question 19

Sweat glands - 2 kinds

Answer 19

Eccrine - all over body

Apocrine - armpit and groin, larger and secrete thicker sweat

Question 20

Sebaceous glands

Answer 20

Near hair follicle, produce sebum (skin oil)

Sebum secreted up follicle, moving debris and lubricate skin.

Question 21

Skin types

Answer 21

Normal
Oily
Dry
Combination
Damaged
Dehydrated
Aged

Question 22

Normal skin carriers and oils

Answer 22

Almond, apricot, jojoba

Chamolmile, geranium, lavender
Sandalwood, rose
Cleanser 2x, moisturize, exfoliate weekky

Question 23

Oily skin oils and carriers treatments

Answer 23

Clay masks/steam
Jojoba, grapeseed, apricot
Rutaceae, lavender, geranium,cedarwood, heli, frank, patchouli

Very warm water to wash, 2-3x, hydrosol toners
Clay mask 2x

Question 24

Dry skin

Answer 24

Low level of sebum - cham, ger, lav, patch,rose
Cleanse 2x, tone hydrosol, moisturze - avacado, wheat germ, jojoba, rose, carrot
Mask 2x

Question 25

Combination

Answer 25

``` T- zone issues, dry elsewhere Balance with mutual oils Ger, lav, sandalwood Cleanse seperately Use 2 diff masks (green - oil, red or glacial for dry) ```

Question 26

Damaged skin

Answer 26

Frank, heli, lav, geranium , carrot seed

Question 27

Dehydrated skin

Answer 27

Dull dry scaly flaky Lack of sebum, excessive sweat, not enough water Surface cells harden , block oil secretion, infection Masks 2x, moisturizer, Aloe w/ orange, mandarin, lavender, tt, rc

Question 28

Aging skin

Answer 28

Oils and massage to regenerate and oxidize

Question 29

Acne vulgaris

Answer 29

Clogged pores ``` Eo's to reduce sebum Antibacterial Stress Inflamation Balance hormones Eliminate toxins ``` Rutaceae lav sandalwood Unblock, decrease sebum and bacteria, massage, compress and steam

Question 30

Rosacea

Answer 30

Redness come and go, bumps and pimples, dry Calm, soothe, cool skin, reduce stress Lemon/begamot cypress/lav neroli/rose Skin stressed liwer concentration 1% Hydrosols Masks and massage

Question 31

Boils carbuncles

Answer 31

Staph in hair follicles Group of boils, large carbuncle Contagious Boost immunity, reduce swelling, compress/mask draw out boil Lemon/thyme/tt lav/ger/ cham heli/sandalwood

Question 32

Warts

Answer 32

Hpv Contageous Topical/bath - undiluted, cover or bath and salts Lem/lemgrass/thyme/tt juniper/lav/geranium rose/neroli

Question 33

Eczema/ Dermatitis - 4 types

Answer 33

Inflammation of the skin Contact Atopic Sebhorreic Photo

Question 34

Contact dermatitis

Answer 34

Caused by contact Irritant - resembles burn Allergic - have become sensitive to, mild to sores

Question 35

Seborrheic dermatitis

Answer 35

Scaley, flaky, itchy, red Scalp, face trunk - dandruff Infantile - cradle cap : rc/gc

Question 36

Atopic (hereditary)dermatitis

Answer 36

Eczema (itchy, scaling, weeping, crusting) Triad: asthma, allergies, eczema Exasperated: soaps, dry, weather

Question 37

Photo dermatitis

Answer 37

Photosensitivity | Itch/red/tender/ warm/ rash

Question 38

Oils for dermatitis

Answer 38

Berg/euc/Tt/Thyme G cham/germ/ lav Cedarwood/heli/patch/rose Anti itch: gc lav swood Anti inflam: gc/ heli Astrigent: juniper No massage

Question 39

Psoriasis

Answer 39

Red scaley thickened skin elbows knees scalp Stress and cold exasperate Psoriatic arthritis in 10% Tt, thyme, germ, lav, heli, patch, swood Use blend 3 weeks before changing Anti itch gc lav swood anti inflamm helich

Question 40

Burns

Answer 40

1st degree mild discomfort reddening 2nd deep epidermal layers - blisters swelling scars 3rd complete destruction epi and dermis into subcutaneous- nerves destroyed no pain at time of injury Cold water,aloe,lav Euc/tt/g cham/ lav benzoin (mist compress)

Question 41

Allergies

Answer 41

Hives (uticaria) - allergen ,stress Rc, lav,heli,patch Massage abdomen clockwise immunity (lemon/ lav/frank)

Question 42

Athletes foot

Answer 42

Fungus (other: ringworm, jockitch) Red itchy sting blisters Tt/thyme lav/ger frank/patch Wash and dry,sage cornstarch to decrease sweat, soak in water and oils then vinegar and oils

Question 43

Shingles

Answer 43

Herpes zoster/ chicken pox Pain/blisters Neuralgia (persistent pain) Infectious 1 week Antiviral, immunity, itch

Question 44

Shingles oils

Answer 44

Berg, euc, lemon, tt, g-gc-l Apply lav/tt to spine, sea salt bath, Rc hydrosol for pain Ravensara

Question 45

Herpes

Answer 45

Herpes simplex virus hsv Type1 skin and cold sores Type2 genital (std) Contagious

Question 46

Herpes - oils

Answer 46

AV - tt/t, CS, euc Juniper, lavender, oregano Immunity - tt, gf, lav/ger, frank/heli Mellisa on blisters Berg,tt,euc Bath massage

Question 47

Skin cancer

Answer 47

Squamous cell carcinoma - slow, common, hard nodules, painless, Basal cell carcinoma- usually upper face, less likely to spread, stratum germinatvium, bleeding cruster crater Melanoma - serious, fast, mole becomes lesion, uv damage, genetics,

Question 48

Skin cancer oils

Answer 48

Frank - repair cells, carrot seed oil, boost immune, bath massage (do not massage cancer)

Question 49

Facial

Answer 49

``` Improve nutrient exchange Stimulate lymph flow Reduce fluid sinus congestion Tone muscles ```

Question 50

Facial steps

Answer 50

``` Client form - oil Headband Warm wet towels in microwave Towel forehead and cheeks chin Cleanser Facecloth press Toner up Massage oil 10 min Mask outward 10 min towel toner/hydrosol moisturizer ```