Skin

Question 1

Components of the integumentary system

Answer 1

Skin 
Glands 
Hair 
Fur 
Claws 
Nails

Question 2

Skin

Answer 2

Made up of specialized epithelial cells (epidermis)

Question 3

Glands

Answer 3

Secrete substance to lubricate/protect skin

Question 4

Hair

Answer 4

Protect skin, regulate body temperarure, sense organs, help with evaporation

Question 5

Fur

Answer 5

Mainly for thermoregulation / protection

Question 6

Claws

Answer 6

Made up of keratin

Defense, attack, climbing, digging

Question 7

Nails

Answer 7

Similar to claws, protect fingers

Question 8

Dermatology

Answer 8

Study of skin, nails, hair/fur and its diseases/treatments

Question 9

Cutaneous

Answer 9

Relating to/affecting skin

Question 10

Functions of the skin

Answer 10

Barrier against infection
Protect from injury
Sensation
Helps regulate temperature

Question 11

2 layers of the skin

Answer 11

Epidermis

Dermis

Question 12

Epidermis

Answer 12

Outer layer
Water resistant
Most protective

Question 13

Dermis

Answer 13

Sabaceous glands
Hair follicles
Produce sweat/sebum

Question 14

Thickest part of epidermis

Answer 14

Foot pads

Nose

Question 15

Sweat glands in dogs

Answer 15

Footpads

Question 16

Apocrine sweat glands

Answer 16

Pheromone (territorial marker, warning signals)

Found all over body, emotions (adrenaline)

Question 17

How do dogs raise their hackles

Answer 17

Adrenaline causes involuntary muscle contraction + hair is raised upwards
Fear, anxiety

Question 18

Sabaceous glands

Answer 18

Production of serum
Lubricates hair
Enables hair to shed water

Question 19

Anal sacs

Answer 19

Sebaceous glands (scent marking) 
End of digestive tract, part of skin (scent marking)

Question 20

Anatomy of anal sacs

Answer 20

Paired, located on either side of the anus
Between external/internal sphincter muscles
Sebaceous glands within the lining secrete liquid (identification of members within a species)

Question 21

3 types of hair

Answer 21

Primary (guard hairs) “over coat” protects undercoat
Secondary (undercoat) - warmer, short, fluffy hair
Tactile (whiskers) - help dog/cat sense surroundings
-navigations (sense vibration in air)

Question 22

How hair grows in follicle

Answer 22

Animals born with full number of follicles

Hair grows within follicle , die/ shed , new hair grows

Question 23

Cycle of hair growth

Answer 23

Anagen
Catagen
Telogen

Question 24

Anagen

Answer 24

Hair grows to predetermined length

Question 25

Catagen

Answer 25

Transitional phase

Question 26

Telogen

Answer 26

Resting phase- tightly bound to follicle

Question 27

Factors that influence shedding

Answer 27

``` Photoperiod (light/dark) Temperature Breed Sex Genetics H ```

Question 27

Factors that influence shedding

Answer 27

``` Photoperiod (light/dark) Temperature Breed Sex Genetics Hormones ```

Question 27

Factors that influence shedding

Answer 27

``` Photoperiod (light/dark) Temperature Breed Sex Genetics Hormones ```

Question 27

Factors that influence shedding

Answer 27

``` Photoperiod (light/dark) Temperature Breed Sex Genetics H ```

Question 27

Factors that influence shedding

Answer 27

``` Photoperiod (light/dark) Temperature Breed Sex Genetics H ```

Question 28

Non shedding dogs

Answer 28

Shed less due to very long hair growth cycles Some have hair that grows into itself (poodles)- brushed out, instead of shed on floor Shnauzer, Shih Tzu, Terriers, doberman

Question 29

Double coat

Answer 29

Long course guard hairs with soft/fine undercoat Insulates/ protects Shedding: patchy/moth eaten Herding (collies), working (great Pyrenees, Bernese mountain dog)

Question 30

Claw

Answer 30

Curved, pointed nail Attached to P3 Claw germinates from, continues to grow Reason need to remove p3 for declaw (or claw will grow back)

Question 31

Polydactyly

Answer 31

Many toes | Number : 5 on front, 4 on back

Question 32

Cats with dark points

Answer 32

Temperature dependent color | Cooler cats= darker points

Question 33

Tortoiseshell/calico cats

Answer 33

Almost always female | If male, almost always sterile