skin A+P

Question 1

Skin is made up of what three layers?

Answer 1

epidermis
dermis
subcutaneous

Question 2

the epidermis

Answer 2

the outermost layer of the skin, it is made up of epithelial tissue and does not have a blood supply of its own

Question 3

how many layers is the epidermis made up of?

Answer 3

5

Question 4

Stratum corneum

Answer 4

the outer layer of skin, is made up of scale like cells that are continuously shed

Question 5

stratum lucidum

Answer 5

made up os small transparent cells which light can pass through - this layer is only present in palms of hands and soles on feet

Question 6

Stratum granulosum

Answer 6

usually 1-3 layers thick - the cells have distinct granules keratin produced in this layer

Question 7

stratum spinosum

Answer 7

is 3-6 layers thick and the cells are constantly dividing

Question 8

stratum germinativum

Answer 8

a single basal layers of cell that contain melanocytes that produce the pigment melanin - the cells of the epidermis are produced in this layer and each has a distinct nuclei

Question 9

dermis

Answer 9

often referred to as the true skin as if forms the bulk of the skin - it has good blood and lymph supply provided by lymph capillaries, arterioles and venules

Question 10

the dermis is made up of connective tissues and split into two layers

Answer 10

papillary layer and reticular layer

Question 11

papillary layer

Answer 11

is directly under the epidermis, it is quite thin and has cone like projections called papillae - it provides nutrients and oxygen to the germinating layer of epidermis

Question 12

reticular layer

Answer 12

lies below the papillary layer and is main section of dermis - within this layer there are collagen and elastic fibres - these are produced by fibroblasts and held together in a ground substance

Question 13

collagen

Answer 13

gives skin its plump and youthful appearance and is a white fibrous tissue made up of proteins

Question 14

elastin

Answer 14

give the skin its elastic properties and is made up of yellow elastic tissue

Question 15

subcutaneous layers

Question 16

sweat glands

Answer 16

sometimes referred to as the sudoriferous glands - they extend from the epidermis to the dermis and are found all over the body

Question 17

what do sweat glands help do?

Answer 17

they regulate the body temperature by allowing the sweat evaporate from the body

Question 18

blood is supplies by what?

Answer 18

is supplied to the skin by blood capillaries, these capillaries also hekp to regulate body temp by dilating (widening) and constricting (narrowing)

Question 19

aterioles…

Answer 19

they supply oxygenated blood that is rich in nutrients

Question 20

venules…

Answer 20

remove waster products and carbon dioxide

Question 21

arrector pill muscle

Answer 21

this muscle is attached to hair follicles and when cold it contracts as well as when frightened (goosebump hairs)

Question 22

Dermal Papilla

Answer 22

is the blood supply for the hair and its follicle it also provides food and oxygen which is important for hair growth. the dermal papilla is a separate organ that serves the follicle