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Physical Diagnosis > Skin and Nails > Flashcards

Skin and Nails Flashcards

(113 cards)

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1
Q

Eccrine Gland

A

Sweat

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2
Q

Apocrine Gland

A

BO (stress related)

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3
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

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4
Q

Turgor

A

Rigidity of tissue

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5
Q

Annular Lesion

A

Round. Active margins with central clearing. Common with fungal infections.

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6
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

Fungal infection with annular lesions

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7
Q

Zosteriform Lesion

A

Dermatomal. Follows nerve segment

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8
Q

Target Lesion

A

Pink macules with purple central papules.

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9
Q

Morbilliform Lesions

A

Erythematous maculopapular lesions. Measle-like.

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10
Q

Erythematous

A

Shade of red

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11
Q

Violaceous

A

light violet colored

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12
Q

ABCDE of Malignant Melanoma

A 
A: asymmetry
B: Irregular borders
C: variable coloring 
D: >6mm diameter
E: elevated
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13
Q

Macule

A

Primary Lesion. Flat. Circumscribed.

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14
Q

Serpinginous Lesion

A

Wavy margin

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15
Q

Mongolian Spots

A

Patch

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16
Q

Patch

A

Primary Lesion. Flat. Irregular shape. >1 cm in diameter.

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17
Q

Freckles

A

Macule

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18
Q

Measles

A

Macule. Morbilliform.

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19
Q

Petechiae

A

Vascular Lesion. Macule. Blood under the skin. Don’t blanch. Hicki.

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20
Q

Cafe au lait spots

A

Patch. Birth mark.

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21
Q

Port Wine Stain

A

Patch

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22
Q

Vitiligo

A

Patch. Absence of pigmentation.

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23
Q

Papule

A

Primary Lesion. Firm. Circumscribed. Palpable. Can form plaques.

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24
Q

Molluscum Contagiosum

A

Papule

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25
Warts
Papule
26
Nevi
Papule. Brown/black moles. Categorized as a benign nodular lesion.
27
Plaque
Primary lesion. Elevated. Firm. Rough. Circumscribed. > 1 cm in diameter.
28
Psoriasis
Plaque. Scale. Categorized as a papulosquamous lesion.
29
Eczema
Plaque. Erosion. Fissures.
30
Nodule
Primary lesion. Deep and very firm. > 0.5 cm in diameter. Round.
31
Lipomas
Nodule
32
Skin Cancer
Nodule. Usually blanchable.
33
Tumor
Primary lesion. Large nodule deep in the dermis. > 2 cm.
34
Hemangioma
Tumor
35
Wheal
Primary lesion. Irregular, transient, superficial edema.
36
Urticaria
Hives. Wheal.
37
Mosquito Bite
Wheal.
38
Vesicle
Primary Lesion. Circumscribed. Filled with serous fluid.
39
Herpes Simplex Virus
Vesicle
40
Bulla
Primary lesion. Vesicle greater than 1 cm in diameter.
41
Blister
Bulla
42
Hemorrahagic Bulla
Serous fluid and blood filled bulla
43
Pustule
Primary lesion. Elevated. Superficial. Circumscribed. Filled with pus.
44
Acne
Pustule
45
Impetigo
Pustule. Crusts. Categorized as a vesiculobullous lesion.
46
Fire Ant Bites
Pustule
47
Erosion
Secondary lesion. Loss of superficial epidermis. Surface is wet. Heals without scarring.
48
Ulcer
Secondary lesion. Deep. Loss of epidermis and dermis. Heals with scarring.
49
Decubitis
Ulcer
50
Fissure
Secondary lesion. Linear crack from epidermis to dermis.
51
Angular chelitist
Fissure. Misfitting dentures.
52
Tinea Pedis
Fissure. athletes foot.
53
Excoriation
Secondary lesion. Abrasion or scratch.
54
Scabies
Excoriation.
55
Atopic Dermatitis
Excoriation.
56
Crust
Secondary lesion. Dried residue of serum or pus.
57
Tinea Capitis
Crust.
58
Kerion
Crust. Fungal lesion of hair.
59
Scale
Secondary lesion. Thin flake of exfoliated epidermis.
60
Dandruff
Scale
61
Seborrheic dermatitis
Scale
62
Lichenification
Secondary lesion. Thickening and roughening of the skin. chronic itching.
63
Atrophy
Secondary lesion. Thinning of skin with loss of normal skin markings.
64
Striae
Atrophy. Stretch marks.
65
Overuse of corticosteroids
Atrophy.
66
Purpura
Vascular lesion. Petechiae but greater than 0.5 cm.
67
Ecchymosis
Vascular lesion. Bruise.
68
Spinder angiomas
Vascular lesion. Fiery red. body with spider like radiating legs.
69
Cherry angiomas
Vascular lesion. don't blanch. red papules. raised or flat. Categorized as benign nodular lesion.
70
Telangectasias
Vascular lesion. Irregular red lines due to dilated capillaries. blanchable.
71
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Telangectasias. Categorized as a malignant nodular lesion. Pearly nodule in sun exposed area. Grows slowly. Depressed center with elevated border.
72
Rosacea
Telangectasias. Papules, nodules and pustules.
73
Hemangioma
Vascular lesion. Irregular. Starts as macular patch. Can become plaque or nodule.
74
Papulosquamous lesions
Category. papules, plaques and scales.
75
Lichen Planus
papulosquamous lesion. 5 P's Pruritic, polygonal, purple, planar, papules.
76
Epidermoid cysts
Categorized as a nodular lesion. Sebaceous cysts.
77
Squamous cell carcinoma
Categorized as a malignant nodular lesion. Keratotic. eroded nodule or pustule. Firm. grows faster than BCC.
78
Vesiculobollous lesions
Category. Vesicles and bullae.
79
Pemphigus
Categorized as a vesiculobollous lesion. Autoimmune disease. Can be fatal.
80
Maculopapular Lesions
Macules and papules.
81
Viral exanthems
Categorized as a maculopapular lesion. Generalized erythrematous maculopapular rash.
82
Drug eruptions
Categorized as maculopapular lesions. allergic reaction.
83
Clubbing of Nails
Round, spongy nail. Caused by chronic hypoxia, CHF and lung cancer. Angle of nails together exceeds 180 degrees.
84
Beau's Lines
Transverse depression that grow out with the nail. Sign of trauma or disease.
85
Paronychia
Inflammation of the nail folds. Caused by immersion in water.
86
Onychocryptosis
Ingrown toe nail. Nails grow into dermis. Due to tight shoes or improper nail cutting.
87
Terry's nails
White with distal band of reddish brown. Cause by aging, diabetes, cirrhosis and heart failure.
88
Leukonychia
Trauma to nails causes white discoloration.
89
koilonychia
Spoon nail. Caused by iron deficiency anemia.
90
Onycholisis
Painless separation of nail from nail bed. Caused by trauma, psoriasis, contact dermatitis.
91
Onychomycosis
Fungal infection of nail bed
92
Nail pitting
psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus.
93
Intertriginous
Area where skin rubs together
94
Acral
Peripheral parts
95
alopecia
Hair loss
96
dysplastic
larger, irregular, indistinct borders
97
solar lentigines
liver spots. macules acquired on sun exposed areas.
98
Iccterus
Jaundice
99
Plethora
skin turgesence and redness
100
Actinic Keratosis
superficial hyperkeratotic papule. On sun exposed areas. can develop into SCC.
101
Seborrheic Keratosis
Raised papules or plaques. velvety. stuck on appearance.
102
Excoriation
Linear scratches
103
AIDS
Hairy Leukoplakia, Kaposi's sarcoma and many other skin disorders
104
Addison's Disease
Hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes
105
Chronic Renal Disease
Pallor, xerosis, pruritus, hyperpigmentation, half and half nails.
106
Xerosis
Dryness
107
Lindsey's Nails
half and half nails. proximal half white and distal half pink.
108
Crohn's disease
Erythema nodosum, enterocutaneous fistulas, ulcers
109
Cushing's Disease
Striae, skin atrophy, purpura, telangiectasias
110
telangiectasias
spidery dilated capillaries
111
Hypothyroidism
dry, rough, pale skin. Course, brittle hair. Cool skin.
112
Hyperthyroidism
warm, moist, soft skin. velvety skin. fine hair, vitiligo, hyperpigmentation.
113
Dermatophytes
Fungal infection that require keratin for growth. penetrate stratum corneum

Physical Diagnosis (1 decks)

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