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Derm Path Keith > Skin Cancer > Flashcards

Skin Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What is Gorlin Syndrom?

A

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome. Autosomal dominant mutation in PTCH1 tumor suppressor. BCCs at early age and MSK defects. High risk of neoplasms

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2
Q

What is the most common mutation in BCC?

A

PTCH1 in 30% of cases

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3
Q

What is MOA of vismodegib?

A

competitive antagonist of SMO

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4
Q

What epidermal layer is squamous cell carnicoma usually start in?

A

Spinous layer

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5
Q

What is actinic keratosis?

A

minimal atypia SCC. least severe.

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6
Q

What is SCC in situ?

A

a full thickness epidermal atypia SCC. Confined ABOVE the basement membrane

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7
Q

What is Invasive SCC?

A

extends beyond Basement membrane

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8
Q

Which skin cancer presents with keratin pearls?

A

SCC

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9
Q

WHat are risk factors for devleopment of SCC?

A

p53 mutations, UV, HPV, and immunosuppression

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10
Q

What is a keratoacanthoma?

A

Related to SCC. Keratinocyte neoplasm that is painful but often spontaneously involutes

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11
Q

What is a marjolin’s ulcer?

A

Ulcerated invasive SCC arising on a background of chornic inflam, scarring, radiation, trauma.

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12
Q

What is most common type of cancer in 25-29yo?

A

melanoma

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13
Q

If melanocytes ‘mature’ with descent into dermis: melanoma or nevi?

A

benign nevi. Non-maturing melanocytes are sign of melanoma

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14
Q

If melanocytes are located above the basal layer: melanoma or nevi?

A

melanoma. Normally melanocytes should never go above the basal layer.

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15
Q

How do you screen for melanoma?

A

ABCD

asymmetry, borders, color, diameter, elevation, changing, ugly duckling sign.

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16
Q

Is a hair growing out of a nevi a bad or good sign for malignant melanoma?

A

Good sign. Means its benign. Melanomas invade and destroy hair.

17
Q

What germ layer are melanocytes derived from?

A

neural crest

18
Q

What is single most prognostic factor for melanoma metastisis?

A

lymph node involvement

19
Q

What is Breslow’s thickness?

A

distance of involvement from the stratum granulosum (top) to the deepest tumor cell (bottom)

20
Q

What are common mutation in melanoma?

A

BRAF in 50%

21
Q

What is MOA opf vemurafenib?

A

BRAF inhibitor.

22
Q

Which skin cancer is related to cumulative life-long exposure to UV?

A

SCC

23
Q

What does UVB do to DNA?

A

forms dimers between thymine pairs.

Derm Path Keith (4 decks)

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