Skin conditions Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is the scientific name for rain scald and how does it infect the cow?
Dermatophilosis
There needs to be initial skin damage before the pathogen can enter then needs mositure
What will you see with a rain scald infection?
Exudative epidermatitis followed by scab and crust formation and alopecia
Animals are not itchy
How can you diagnose and treat rain scald?
History of wet weather
Stained smear of scab and skin biopsies
Treatment includes parenteral antibiotics penicillin and oxytet
What are the common ways abscesses are formed?
Dirty needles and injections during wet weather
What should you do if you see an abscess forming on a cow?
Generally don’t cause pain
Incise, drain and flush with hose
What is the main cause of cellulitis in cattle and how does it cause it?
Truperella pyogenes
Penetrating wounds
Very painful
A cow has developed submandibular swelling. What are some of you differentials?
Actinomyces bovis- lumpy jaw
Actinobacillus- Woody tongue
What is black spot or black pox and where does it occur?
Necrotic lesion at the teat end from bacterial infection
What are the causes of black spot and common isolates?
High vacuum and over milking
Staph aureus and fusobacterium necrophorum
How do you treat black spot?
Tie up the back leg first because this is going to be a painful procedure
Open teat end and introduce antibiotics
Disinfect the teat
Should you incise or stick needles into haematomas?
Not if you don’t need to because it can harbour infection and turn into an abscess
If the cow cant walk you have to do something but otherwise just leave it
What is the significance of ringworm in dairy cattle?
Caused by a fungus trichophyton and cattle become infected when they come into contact with fences and gates etc that have the fungus
No real clinical significance and spontaneous recovery
What is papillomatosis and how can you treat it?
Caused by bovine papilloma virus mainly in cattle
How is papillomatosis spread?
Few ways including direct contact with infected cow or fomites
Flies and lice
What kind of lesions does bovine papular stomatitis cause?
Shallow to slightly raised papules on the MM and may coalesce
Only superficial lesions unlike FMD
Is there a zoonotic risk for bovine papular stomatitis?
Yes, can get painful nodular skin lesions
How is bovine papular stomatitis spread?
Suckling calves or milking machines
What do pseudocowpox lesions look like and where are they located?
Horse shoe shaped papules on the teats and rarely the udder
Is there any significance of pseudocowpox in a herd?
Little inconvenience and often overlooked
Mechanical transfer by milking so will go through the herd most likely
What signs and lesions are seen with bovine herpes mammillitis?
Oedema of teats, vesicle formation and scab formation
Post-oedema results in gangrenous look about the teat
What herpes virus cauases mammillitis and pseudo lumpy skin disease?
Bovine herpesvirus 2
Pseudo lumpy skin disease is in Aust but lumpy skin is not
Can a tick infestation cause hair loss?
Yes because it is extremely itchy and the cows rub up against and scratch on anything they can
What are the three most important ticks?
Ixodes holocyclus- paralysis tick
Haemaphysalis longicornis- bush tick
Rhipicephalus sanguineus- brown dog tick
What does buffalo fly affect in cows?
Reduced weight gain and lower milk yield which also means lower weight gain in suckling calves
Also carries a nematode
