Skin Disorders

Question 1

Erythema

Answer 1

diffuse redness over the skin

• primary skin lesion
• eg:macule

Question 2

Ecchymosis

Answer 2

blue-black bruise

Question 3

Petechia

Answer 3

small purplish hemmorhagic spots on the skin

Question 4

Turgor

Answer 4

measuse of the skin elasticity and hydration

Question 5

Alopecia

Answer 5

absence or lost of hair

Question 6

Terms to describe lesions : WHEAL

Answer 6

• irregularly shaped , white in center and red around
• flat
• caused by edema , hives , insect bites

Question 7

Pustule

Answer 7

small elevation that contain pus

eg:impetigo , scabies & acne

Question 8

Vesicles

Answer 8

• blister like ,filled with clear serous fluid

- eg :shingles , chicken pox , poison ivy

Question 9

Papule

Answer 9

palpable ,raised solid elevation

eg:ringworm , rosea , wart , mole

Question 10

Macule

Answer 10

• flat ,nonpalpable
• change in skin color
• smaller than 1cm eg:freckles , rebulla , scarlet fever

Question 11

Know types of drainage : SANGUINEOUS

Answer 11

bloody drainage

Question 12

Serosanguineous

Answer 12

mixed with serous and sangunious

-pale ,watery , red

Question 13

Purulent

Answer 13

• pus

- infection

Question 14

Serous

Answer 14

clear , yellowish fluid

Question 15

Define the following Skin condition and treatment for each : HERPES ZOSTER

Answer 15

patient had chicken pox ,
-then it lead to shingles ,which are painful , burns
TREATMENT: cool moist compresses
- antiviral agent (ACYCLOVIR)
-antipruritics and corticorsteriods
-analgesics
-(nsaids )

Question 16

Tinea (ringworm)

Answer 16

TREATMENT : ANTIFUNGAL OINTMENT , ORAL GRISEOFULVIN isolate clothing , /linen

Question 16

Pediculosis (LICE)

Answer 16

TREATMENT :ANTIPARASTETIC

• special shampoos ,
• comb out with fine tooth comb(remove nits/eggs

Question 17

Scabies

Answer 17

-mites with burrows under outer of host skin
-endemic among school children
threadlike brownish , linear burrows up to 1cm long
TREATMENT :antiparasitics
topical antiscabies creams/lotions
KWELL ,SCABENE
CROTAMITON(EURAX) OR
PEREMETHRIN (5% ELIMITE )

Question 18

Psoriasis

Answer 18

chronic non infectious skin inflammation
shedding , slivery white scaling
affect - knee, elbows and shin, elbows
TREATMENT : daily soaks and tepid wet compresses to affect areas and remove scales
CALCIPOTRIENE (DOVONEX ) & razarotene (tazorac )
photo chemotherapy
a puva light therapy

Question 19

Eczema

Answer 19

atopic dermatitis

Question 20

What is a keloid ?

Answer 20

Painless benign , overgrowth that develop at the site of scar / trauma / burn
- occur more often in darkskinned indivulals

Question 21

What questions would be included For a history of a skin problem ?

Answer 21

when it started 
symptoms 
loss of sensation 
cosmetics 
anything changes to soap

Question 22

How is herpes simplex spread ?

Answer 22

spread by contact
cold sores - occurs on face ,lips
TREATMENT :antiviral (zovirax) acyclovir

Question 23

Describe measures to relieve itching ?

Answer 23

hydrocorticone

lipid bath

Question 24

Describe teaching for the patient needing to apply topical medication ?

Answer 24

wash hands before and after

Question 25

What patient teaching points would you include for a patient with an infectious skin disease ?

Answer 25

handwashing | do not share towel , linens , clothes

Question 26

Discuss measures for skin care & prevention of pressure ulcers , lift sheets to prevent shearing force , list risk factors of akin breakdown ?

Answer 26

immobility | positioning with pillows

Question 27

What intervention would you choose for a patient with a disfiguring skin disorder ?

Answer 27

therapeutic communication | active listiening

Question 28

Describe the treatment for pediculosis ?

Answer 28

special shampoo fine tooth comb to remove nots skin isolation precaution

Question 29

Know types of skin graft : ALLOGRAFT

Answer 29

from cadaver or other persons

Question 30

Autograft

Answer 30

- from self - intact skin from another part of the patients body - less rejection

Question 31

Homografts

Answer 31

from cadaver or other persons

Question 32

Xenografts

Answer 32

from an animal usually a pig

Question 33

Deacribe Emergency treatment for burns ?

Answer 33

airway breathing and circulation - because of smoke inhalation

Question 34

Why do burn patients have swelling ?

Answer 34

because of inflammation intracellular swelling Electrolyte imbalance , Sodium & potassium

Question 35

Describe burn wound care ?

Answer 35

``` sterile technique antibiotic to prevent infection antimicrobial debribment - world pool / water therapy medicate pt 30 before debribment if pus - report to RN ```

Question 36

What are complications of IV therapy ?

Answer 36

pulmonary edema swelling infiltration - puncture in vein and fluid leaking out

Question 37

Differentiate between an acute vs a chronic wound ?

Answer 37

acute last less than 6 months -medicate q2hrs | chronic last longer than 6 months

Question 38

what are signs that a mole can be cancerous ?

Answer 38

A- Asymmetry B-boarder irregularity C- color variation D- diameter 6mm- 1/2 inch no tanning bed for skin cancer

Question 39

Rule of 9

Answer 39

``` entire head and neck -9% front is -18% back is _18% arms are -9% each ...both arms -18% each leg -18% each penis -1% ```

Question 40

impetigo

Answer 40

a bacterial infection \ caused by strep or staph is honey color crusted is treated with topical of systemic antibiotic