Skin Disorders Flashcards by Alex Stein

Dematitis (eczema)

Inflammation of the dermis skin
Variety of types and causes
Not contagious

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Some types of dermatitis

Atopic (chronic conditions)
Stasis (vascular component)
Contact (allergic)
Seborrheic

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dermatitis - clinical presentation

Pruritus
Blisters, swelling
Weeping, oozing
Scales or crusts might develop

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Dermatitis - treatment

Treat underlying cause
Anti-inflammatory medications
Prophylactic antibiotics might be given

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Atoptic Dermatitis

Immunoglobulin E disease (allergy)
Pruritus
Exacerbations and remissions
Leads to skin thickening and changes in quality of skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Seborrheic deformities

Sebum rich areas
Scaly, red rash develops
Scalp, forehead, nose folds, ears, around eyes
Ex - cradle cap in children
Changes in humidity, emotional stress, trauma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Contact dematitis

Can be from tape, poison ivy
One of most common
Hypersensitive response

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Seborrheic keratosis

Kerintocyte benign neoplasm
Mid life is when appears
Tend to look like they are just apsted onto the skin

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma arising from melanocytes
Sun exposure inc risk
Enlarging, irregular pigmented areas that ulcerate
Metastasis to lymph ndoes, widespread organ dissemination - usually what takes someone to doc
60 is median age
Most common cancer in 25-29 yr old F

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non melanocytic skin cancers

Basal cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non melanocytic skin cancers - basal cell carcinoma

Most common skin cancer
Less than 0.1% of cancer deaths - does not easily metastasize
Lesions tend to be on face first (nose), can be on trunk, penis, vulva, perianal area too

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Non melanocytic skin cancers - Squamous cell carcinoma

Head and neck area
Often disfiguring in later stages
Sun exposure, immunosuppressed, HPV infection are risk factors
Higher rate of met but not as large as melanoma

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rosacea

Dermal support structures are affected 
Flushing of the face
Small erythematous papules with pustules
Stinging, burning sensation
Thckened skin, facial lymphedema

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rosacea triggers

heat/cold temp
wind
hot drinks
caffeine, alcohol, spicy food
exercise, emotion
topical products

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cellulitis

Infection of the skin and underlying tissues (most sig the dermis)
Some type of skin break down is initial source

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cellulitis - most common bacteria

GAS
Staph aureus
Pseudomonas is often offending pathogen in nail punctures in the foot

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cellulitis - clinical presentation

Similar to dermatitis but more pronounced
Need to differentiate
S/s fever, malaise, chills 
Lymphangitis and lymphadenopathy
Wound will exhibit signs of infection

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Cellulitis - tx

Antibiotic - may require IV antibiotics up to 6 wks

Tx wound and underlying cause

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Psoriasis is what

Study These Flashcards

chronic recurrent skin disease
2/100 population
Onset - early to middle adulthood
Familial 
Cause is unknown
Excessive cell proliferation and inflammation

Psoriasis - characteristics

Study These Flashcards

There is a 3-4day turnover of the epidermis
Excessive accumulation of day cells (plaques)
Most common type is plaques psoriasis
About 5% of those affected will develop psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis - common sites

Study These Flashcards

Extensor surfaces
Hands, elbows, knees, scalp
Toenails and fingernails

Psoriasis - presentation

Study These Flashcards

Pruritus is common
White scales (scaly plaques)
Exacerbation and remission pattern

Psoriasis treatment

Study These Flashcards

No cure - just control
Tx is geard at suppressing cell proliferation
Often times combination therapy is used

Psoriasis medical topical agents

Study These Flashcards

corticosteroids
Anthralin (bark of tree)
Toxarotene (vit A derivative)
Coal tar
Calcipotriene (form vit D3)
Saclicylic acid (remvoe scales)

Psoriasis - oral meds

Cyclosporine (depress immune system) Methotrexate (folic acid antagonist) Oral retinoids (vit A derivative)

Psoraisis - biologic meds

Can be injected or infused Similar in action to drugs used for arthiritc conditions Alefacept and Efalizumab

Psoriasis - PT

``` Phototherapy UVB PUVA Goeckerman Regime Lasers ```

Psoriasis - PT - PUVA

Psoralens (oral or topical) sensitizes the skin to UV - and then they come in and we can use UVA

Psoriasis - PT - Goeckerman Regime

Old school - use of coal tar and UVB | coal tar also senstzes skin to the UV treatment

Psoriasis - PT - lasers

very new, still working on protocols and devices

Herpes zoster (shingles)

Viral infection Latent Dorsal root ganglia Reactivation of the virus produces a severe inflammatory reaction along the course of the infected nerve root

Herpes zoster (shingles) - clinical manifestations

Inc age = inc risk Burning and pruritis prior to skin lesions Vesicles appear, break open and crust over Adjacent skin often becomes involved Unilateral During acute stage is infectious

Herpes zoster (shingles) - timeline

Acute stage usually lasts 1-3 wks | Wound healing and pain continue a month or two

Herpes zoster (shingles) - complication

Postherapeutic neuralgia - painful, limits ROM and mm function, can last years

Herpes zoster - tx

antiviral meds - acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir Corticosteroids Wound care Pain control - meds, TENS, topical agents

Warts

``` Skin growths caused by a viral infection Epidermis level Hyperkeratotic lesions Human pipllomavirus (HPV) Contagious and spread through contact All warts have their own blood supply ```

Treatment - warts

``` Aimed at removing warts Medications Freezing Surgical removal Laser ```

Scabies

Skin infection caused by parasites (mites) Primary lesion is gray-brown in color and is a few mm in length F mites lay eggs in these burrows Eggs hatch within 10 days

Scabies - transmission

highly transmissible both by direct contact and indirect contact

Scabies - s/s

Pruritis Vesicle formation Most common site - webbed spaces

Scabies - tx

Benzene compound applied | for the cleaning of surfaces - can use bleach too

Pediculosis

Parasitic infection by lice

Pediculosis - types of lice

1 pediculus humanus capitis (head) 2 pediculus humanus corporis 3 pthirus pubis (pubic) - considered an STD

Pediculosis - transmission

readily tranmissible by direct and indriect contact

Pediculosis - describe

``` Lice are oval, gray 2-4 mm long Wingless 6 legs F lay eggs along hairshafts Eggs hatch and hells remain on hair Blood sucking - they need the blood source and will die without it wihtin 3 days ```

Pediculosis - primary symptom

Pruritis

Pediculosis - tx

topical compound (benzene) Soaking with vinegar solution Fine teeth comb

Skin Disorders Flashcards

(47 cards)