Skin Exam (Review)

Question 1

The study of the skin, its structure, functions, diseases and treatment is known as:

a. etiology
b. anatomy
c. onychology
d. dermatology

Answer 1

dermatology

Question 2

Which system of the body is made up of the skin, nails, hair and glands?

a. excretory
b. circulatory
c. respiratory
d. integumentary

Answer 2

integumentary

Question 3

The six basic functions of the skin include sensation, heat regulation, absorption, protection, excretion and:

a. digestion
b. secretion
c. circulation
d. reproduction

Answer 3

secretion

Question 4

How does the skin help control body temperature?

a. sensation
b. absorption
c. secretion
d. heat regulation

Answer 4

heat regulation

Question 5

Which of the following skin functions allows certain substances like water and oxygen to pass through its tissues?

a. secretion
b. excretion
c. sensation
d. absorption

Question 6

The skin secretes what complex fatty substance to help keep it soft, supple and pliable?

a. sweat
b. sebum
c. elastin
d. collagen

Answer 6

sebum

Question 7

What is the normal pH range of the skin?

a. 2.5-3.5
b. 4.5-5.5
c. 6.5-7.5
d. 7.5-8.5

Question 8

The skin is composed of three main layers that include the epidermis, dermis and:

a. cutis
b. corium
c. melanocyte
d. subcutaneous

Answer 8

subcutaneous

Question 9

The outermost layer of the skin is known as the:

a. cutis
b. dermis
c. epidermis
d. subcutaneous

Answer 9

epidermis

Question 10

The layer of the epidermis that is shed and replaced continually is the:

a. stratum basale
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum corneum
d. stratum granulosum

Question 11

Which layer of the epidermis is located on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?

a. stratum basale
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum spinosum
d. stratum granulosum

Answer 11

stratum lucidum

Question 12

What structures found in the stratum lucidum make the skin thickest on the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?

a. true skin
b. basal cells
c. hair follicles
d. squamous cells

Question 13

Andrew is having his son’s fingerprints recorded today as a tool to be used if his son is ever lost. Fingerprints are made possible by which layer of the epidermis?

a. stratum basale
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum corneum
d. stratum granulosum

Question 14

The layer of skin in which the cells become more regularly shaped and look like many tiny granules is the:

a. stratum corneum
b. stratum spinosum
c. stratum granulosum
d. stratum germinativum

Answer 14

stratum granulosum

Question 15

Which layer of the epidermis has connections between the cells that appear as spines?

a. stratum basale
b. stratum corneum
c. stratum spinosum
d. stratum granulosum

Answer 15

stratum spinosum

Question 16

Where does mitosis, or cell division of the skin take place?

a. stratum basale
b. stratum lucidum
c. stratum corneum
d. stratum granulosum

Question 17

Which of the following items gives color to the skin?

a. keratin
b. melanin
c. elastin fiber
d. collagen protein

Answer 17

melanin

Question 18

What is the name of the brown/black pigment that gives skin its color?

a. elastin
b. keratin
c. eumelanin
d. pheomelanin

Answer 18

eumelanin

Question 19

Which layer of the skin contains collagen protein and elastin fibers which lend support to the epidermis and give the skin its elastic quality?

a. dermis
b. basale
c. epidermis
d. subcutaneous

Answer 19

dermis

Question 20

Sudoriferous glands, sebaceous glands, sensory nerve endings, blood vessels, arrector pili muscles and a major portion of each hair follicle are found in what layer of the skin?

a. dermis
b. cuticle
c. epidermis
d. subcutaneous

Question 21

Regulation of body temperature, excretion of waste products and helping maintain the acidic pH factor of the skin are the three major functions of which glands?

a. oil
b. sebum
c. sebaceous
d. sudoriferous

Question 22

The acid mantle keeps the surface of the skin slightly acidic, which helps:

a. allow bacteria to enter the body
b. prevent bacteria from entering the body
c. create a shock absorber to protect the bones
d. act as an emergency reservoir of food and water

Question 23

Most skin problems are caused by the:

a. arrector pili
b. adipose tissue
c. sebaceous glands
d. sudoriferous glands

Answer 23

sebaceous glands

Question 24

On what area of the body would you NOT find any sebaceous glands?

a. the face
b. scalp and forehead
c. on the arms and legs
d. on the palms of hands and soles of feet

Answer 24

on the palms of hands and soles of feet

Question 25

A mixture of sweat and sebum on the surface of the skin is referred to as: a. elastin b. protein c. the acid mantle d. collagen protein

Answer 25

the acid mantle

Question 26

What is one function of the acid mantle? a. carry melanin b. produce sweat c. give skin elasticity and flexibility d. prevent skin from drying and chapping

Answer 26

prevent skin from drying and chapping

Question 27

Which layer of skin is located below the dermis and composed of adipose (fatty) and loose connective tissue? a. basale b. corium c. epidermis d. subcutaneous

Question 28

An example of a subjective symptom would be: a. itching b. rashes c. pimples d. discharge

Question 29

A health condition created or influenced by the work environment is known as a(an): a. secondary lesion b. seasonal disorder c. occupational disorder d. pigmentation abnormality

Answer 29

occupational disorder

Question 30

Changes in the structure of the skin during the early stages of change and development describe what category of skin lesions? a. primary b. tertiary c. secondary d. inflammatory

Answer 30

primary

Question 31

A flat discoloration appearing on the skin's surface less than 1 cm (about 1/2 inch) is a: a. bulla b. wheal c. macule d. papule

Question 32

A hardened red elevation of the skin in which no fluid is present is a: a. bulla b. papule c. vesicle d. pustule

Question 33

Which skin lesion is a small fluid-filled sac that develops under the epidermis of the skin? a. papule b. nodule c. vesicle d. fissure

Question 34

The category of skin lesions that appear as a disease progresses into the later stages of development is known as: a. primary b. tertiary c. secondary d. inflammatory

Question 35

If the nail professional sees something on the client's skin that looks irregular, they should: a. proceed with service b. ignore the condition c. refer client to a medical professional d. offer home treatment advice to client

Answer 35

refer client to a medical professional

Question 36

What is the technical term for a lack of pigmentation of the skin caused by a decrease in melanocyte activity? a. verruca b. melasma c. leukoderma d. melanoderma

Answer 36

leukoderma

Question 37

Bromhidrosis is a medical condition characterized by: a. excessive sebum b. the lack of sebum c. the lack of perspiration d. unpleasant odor from the skin

Answer 37

unpleasant odor from the skin

Question 38

What is the disorder called that is an over-production of perspiration caused by excessive heat or general body weakness? a. psoriasis b. anhidrosis c. bromhidrosis d. hyperhidrosis

Answer 38

hyperhidrosis

Question 39

What is the term for a skin inflammation caused by direct contact with an irritant or allergen? a. eczema b. psoriasis c. miliaria rubra d. contact dermatitis

Answer 39

contact dermatitis

Question 40

Which of the following statements describes contact dermatitis? a. small areas that resemble cauliflower b. chronic condition that is genetic and can’t be cured c. rough, silvery scales surrounded by red inflammation d. inflamed, red, itchy skin in a specific area after contact with an irritant or allergen

Answer 40

inflamed, red, itchy skin in a specific area after contact with an irritant or allergen

Question 41

What chronic skin inflammation produces round, dry patches of skin, covered with rough, silvery scales surrounded by red inflammation? a. hives b. psoriasis c. herpes simplex d. contact dermatitis

Answer 41

psoriasis

Question 42

The skin inflammation characterized by an eruption of small vesicles and watery discharge with dry or moist lesions is called: a. eczema b. urticaria c. psoriasis d. hyperkeratosis

Question 43

All of the following statements about the term verruca are true EXCEPT: a. caused by a virus b. can be contagious c. part of the healing process d. name given to a variety of warts

Answer 43

part of the healing process

Question 44

The medical term for ringworm is: a. tinea b. papule c. macule d. lesion

Answer 44

tinea

Question 45

Another term for tinea pedis is: a. verruca b. psoriasis c. athlete's foot d. contact dermatitis

Answer 45

athlete's foot

Question 46

What common skin cancer tends to appear translucent, has irregular borders and tiny blood vessels running through it? a. melanoma b. miliaria rubra c. basal cell carcinoma d. squamous cell carcinoma

Question 47

An irregular, crusted, red papule that occurs in sun-exposed areas of the skin is a skin cancer known as: a. melanoma b. miliaria rubra c. basal cell carcinoma d. squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 47

squamous cell carcinoma

Question 48

Which of the following skin growths is the most dangerous? a. keratosis b. melanoma c. basal cell carcinoma d. squamous cell carcinoma

Question 49

In the ABCDEs of skin cancer, what does the letter "D" represent? a. dark b. dryness c. density d. diameter

Question 50

The epidermis is composed of how many layers of cells? a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 7

Answer 50

5

Question 51

The reaction to a sensation such as heat or pain is known as a(n): a. reflex b. secretion c. excretion d. regulation

Answer 51

reflex

Question 52

What skin function eliminates sweat, salt, wastes and toxins from the body? a. secretion b. excretion c. regulation d. protection

Question 53

The primary component of skin cells is a protein substance called: a. sebum b. keratin c. adipose d. melanin

Question 54

What layer of the skin does not contain any blood vessels? a. cutis b. dermis c. epidermis d. subcutaneous

Answer 54

epidermis

Question 55

The epidermis is primarily composed of: a. sebum b. adipose c. germinativum d. keratinocytes