Skin, hair and nails

Question 1

Risk factors for melanoma

Answer 1

personal history
family history
moles (dysplastic, numerous or large)
sun or UVA/UVB exposure
fair skin, light eyes
sun sensitivity, inability to tan

Question 2

Risk factors for basal and squamous cell cancer

Answer 2

>50
sun or UVA/UVB exposure
fair, freckled, ruddy
light hair or eyes
tendency to burn easily
near equator

Question 3

Equipment of skin assessment

Answer 3

ruler
flashlight with transilluminator
magnifying lens
Wood’s lamp

Question 4

Mole assessment

Answer 4

Color
Shape
Surface
Size
Number
Location

Question 5

Telangiectasias: Capillary spider vs Spider angioma

Answer 5

Capillary spider - little masses of venules, when blanched will refill erratically
Spider angioma - arterial, when blanched will fill in an organized way from the center out

Question 6

smells like rotten apples

Answer 6

Clostridium gas gangrene

Question 7

smells mousy

Answer 7

Proteus infection

Question 8

smells grapelike

Answer 8

pseudomonas

Question 9

smells like stale beer

Answer 9

tuberculous lymphadenitits (scrofula)

Question 10

smells putrid

Answer 10

anaerobic infection, scurvy

Question 11

smells feculent

Answer 11

intestinal obstruction, peritonitis

Question 12

smells mousy, musty

Answer 12

phenylketonuria

Question 13

a flat, circumscribed area that is a change in the color of the skin, <1cm

Answer 13

macule

example: freckles, flat moles, measles, petechiae

Question 14

an elevated, firm circumscribed area, <1cm

Answer 14

papule

example: wart, elevated moles, lichen planus

Question 15

a flat, non palpable, irregularly shaped macule >1cm

Answer 15

Patch

example: vitiligo, port wine stains, Mongolian spots, cafe au lait

Question 16

an elevated, firm and rough lesion with flat top surface >1cm

Answer 16

Plaque

example: psoriasis, seborrheic/actinic keratosis

Question 17

elevated, irregular area of cutaneous edema, solid, transient, variable diameter

Answer 17

wheal

example: insect bite, urticaria, allergic reaction

Question 18

elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion, deeper than a papule, 1-2 cm in diameter

Answer 18

nodule

example: erythema nodosum, lipoma

Question 19

elevated and solid, may or may not be clearly demarcated, deeper in the dermis, >2cm

Answer 19

tumor

example: neoplasm, lipoma

Question 20

elevated, circumscribed, superficial, not in the dermis, filled with serous fluid, <1cm

Answer 20

vesicle

example: varicella, shingles