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Nursing 112 > Skin hair nails > Flashcards

Skin hair nails Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q
A

striae

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2
Q
A

vitiligo

autoimmune disorder

causes white patches of skin all over the body

at risk for sunburns and self image problems

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3
Q
A

primary lesion

flat small macules

appear after sun exposure

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4
Q
A

scar

go through old carts

onset

location

duration

character

aggravating or alleviating

related symptoms

treatment

severity

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5
Q
A

lupus erythematosus

butterfly rash

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6
Q
A

a. cyanosis- associated with oxygen deficiency
b. Jaundice-associated with hepatic dysfunction
c. acanthosis nigicans - associated with diabetes

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7
Q

skin color variations

no intervention needed

A

striae

vitiligo

moles(Nevi)

freckles

birthmarks

scars

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8
Q

abnormal skin color

you will want to follow up on these

A

pallor

cyanosis

erythema

jaundice

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9
Q

to palpate for moisture what side of the hand do you use

A

dorsal

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10
Q

when assessing texture and thickness of skin what do you look for

A

even skin that is thick normally. think skin could be a sign

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11
Q

assessing edema

what is edema

A

edema- accumulation of fluid seeping into the tissue

swelling

1+- mild pitting, sl. indentation

2+- moderate pitting, dent subsides quickly

3+- deep pitting, dent remains a short period

4+ very deep pitting, dent lasts a long time

to check use two fingers. press in the skin and any edema your finger mold will stay

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12
Q

when you check skin turgor what do you do to check it and where

A

do over bony area most likely the clavicle. if you can pinch skin that is good

can check clavical, lower ar, abdomen

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13
Q

skin lesions we document by

A

s.s.c.c.c.l

size

shape

characteristics

color

configuration

location

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14
Q

what size of lesion is ok

A

6mm

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15
Q

distribution of lesions

A

a. diffuse/generalized (hives)
b. scattered- aging
c. localized- allergic reaction
d. regional head (ringworm)
e. regional torso
f. extensor surfaces- psoriasis (rough scaley patches)
g. dermatome- shingles
h. hairy areas - pediculosis (lice)
i. intertriginous areas -( folds of skin) diaper rash contact dermatitis
j. sun exposed areas - skin cancers

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16
Q

what type of configuration

what is it seen in

A

linear

seen in herpes and poison oak

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17
Q

what type of configuration

A

annular (circular)

ex ringworm

ring shaped

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18
Q

what type of configuration

A

grouped

ex- herpies simplex

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19
Q

what type of configuration

A

discrete

lesions that remain separate and apart are common in many skin disorders ex- moles (nevi), acne, skin tags

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20
Q

what type of configuration

A

nummular

size of a coin

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21
Q

what type of configuration

A

confluent

discrete but then runs into hives -ex hives

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22
Q

most commonly detected skin cancers

A

basal cell carcinoma

squamous cell carcinoma

maliginant melanoma

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23
Q
A

basal cell carcinoma

caused by sun exposure

look for a silver pearlly boarder

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24
Q
A

squamous cell carcinoma

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25
malignant melanoma avascular if caught at first spreads rapid
26
A B C D E of early signs of skin cancer
Asymmetry Boarder Color Diameter Elevation and evolution
27
melanoma
28
macule, patch circular small flat spot less than 0.5 cm in diameter. red brown or white in color example- freckle
29
papule or plaque examples- moles and psoriasis papule- a solid elevated spot that appears rough in texture and measures less than 0.5 cm in diameter
30
nodule or tumor example- fatty lipoma solid elevated and palpable
31
wheal or urticaria(hives) raised swelling, red bumps, or welts and itchy skin red in color normally caused by allergic reaction
32
vesicle or bulla ex- herpes simplex raised round or oval with serous blood or clear fluid measuring less than 0.5 cm
33
cyst elevated and filled with fluid 1 cm or larger
34
pustule ex- acne raised vesicle filled with pus infection is the primary cause
35
secondary skin lesions
fissure keloid erosion
36
keloid secondary lesion begine excess cell growth from scar tissue
37
senile (cherry) angiomas associated with aging
38
spider angioma spider veins get from standing too long
39
telangiectasia ex-rosacea pernmant dilation wont turn with with blanching small dilated blood vessels
40
petechiae look like small red dots all over assume bleeding disorder ruptured capillaries
41
ecchymosis vascular lesion see with blood thinners bruise caused by bleeding as a result of local trauma
42
hematoma an elevated collection of clotted blood within the tissue caused by a break in a blood vessel
43
how is ringworm treated
antifungal creams or oral medication fungus on the outer layer of skin
44
diaper dermatitis is from
candidiasis treat this with fungal
45
warts (verrucae) caused by a virus
46
erosion
47
angioedema caused by ace inhibitors end with pril anaphylaxis
48
apocrine sweat glan
genetial area
49
eccrine sweat gland
odorless
50
what is it called when someone pulls out their hair
alopecia
51
decrease in oxygen
cyanosis
52
clubbing is associated with what and what degree
180 and copd , hypoxeia
53
normal nail curve
160
54
curved nail
160 or less
55
newborns and infants have what kind of skin
smooth and thin skin may appear mottled acrocyanosis vernix lanugo
56
acrocyanosis
blue hands and feet for newborns
57
vernix
white cheezy look on newborns
58
lanugo
dark hair on back of newborn
59
adolescents and children skin is
tighter bond with dermis smooth texture apocrine glands begin to respond
60
older adult
hyperpigmentation skin becomes thinner dry skin common
61
jaundace first noticed in
oral mucas membrane 2nd sclera 3rd skin associated with liver disease

Nursing 112 (3 decks)

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