Skin, Hair, & Nails

Question 1

Discrete flat change in color of skin; usually <1.5cm diameter (freckle, lentigo, purpura)

Answer 1

macule

Question 2

Discrete flat lesion (large Macule); >1.5cm (melasma, lentigo)

Answer 2

Patch

Question 3

Discrete palpable elevation of skin; <1cm diameter; origin may be epidermal, dermal, or both. (nevi, seborrheic keratosis, dermatofibroma)

Answer 3

Papule

Question 4

Discrete palpable elevation of skin; ma evolve from papule; may involve any level of skin from epidermis to subcutis. (nevi, basal cell ca, keratoacanthoma)

Answer 4

Nodule

Question 5

Slightly raised lesion, typically with flat surface; >1 cm, scaling frequently present (psoriasis, mycosis fungoides)

Answer 5

Plaque

Question 6

Transient pink/red swelling of skin; often displaying central clearing; various shapes and sizes; usually pruritic and lasts < 24 hours. (Urticaria)

Answer 6

Wheal

Question 7

Large papule or nodule; usually >1cm diameter (basal cell ca, squamous cell ca, malignant melanoma)

Answer 7

Tumor

Question 8

Raised lesion <0.5cm containing yellow cloudy fluid (usually infected) (folliculitis, acne)

Answer 8

Pustule

Question 9

Raised lesion <0.5cm containing clear fluid. (herpes simplex, herpes zoster, contact dermatitis)

Answer 9

vesicle

Question 10

vesicle >0.5cm (contact dermatitis, blisters of second degree sunburn)

Answer 10

Bulla

Question 11

Semi-solid lesion; varies in size from several mm to several cm; may become infected (sebaceous cyst)

Answer 11

Cyst

Question 12

Shallow hemorrhagic excavation; linear or punctate; results from scratching. Seen with contact dermatitis

Answer 12

Excoriation

Question 13

Thickening of skin with exaggeration of skin creases. Hallmark of chronic eczematous dermatitis

Answer 13

Lichenification

Question 14

linear crack in epidermis

Answer 14

Fissure

Question 15

Partial break in epidermis

Answer 15

Erosion

Question 16

Netlike or lacy in description

Answer 16

Reticulate

Question 17

Confluent and salmon colored in description. Seen in Rubeola

Answer 17

Morbilliform

Question 18

Snakelike or wavy line track description

Answer 18

Serpiginous

Question 19

Star shaped (Meningococcal Septicemia)

Answer 19

Stellate

Question 20

Pink macules with purple central papules (Erythema multiforme)

Answer 20

Iris/target lesion

Question 21

Interlocking or coalesced circles (Psoriasis, urticaria)

Answer 21

Polycyclic

Question 22

Round, active margins with central clearing

Answer 22

Annular

Question 23

Fever, irritability, hypotension, and a macular or petechial rash, which needs immediate treatment, may indicate:

Answer 23

Meningococcemia

Question 24

A tender, morbilliform, erythematous rash accompanied by fever, conjunctivitis, oral ulcers, and diarrhea:

Answer 24

Steven Johnson Syndrome (toxic epidermal necrolysis)

Question 25

Pain is rare with rash. A painful rash is associated with:

Answer 25

herpes zoster

Question 26

vasomotor instability disorder characterized by exacerbation with dietary consumption of vasodilators such as coffee, tea, alcohol, or spicy foods:

Answer 26

Rosacea

Question 27

a common dermatological side effect of drugs:

Answer 27

photodermatitis

Question 28

Infants and children who have this vaccination may have a rash 10-14 days after immunization

Answer 28

Measles

Question 29

lesions such as eczema, psoriasis, and acne often have internal causes and present as:

Answer 29

symmetrical

Question 30

lesions such as bacterial or fungal, and allergic contact eczema often present as:

Answer 30

asymmetrical

Question 31

A rash found on the palms or soles indicate:

Answer 31

Erythema multiforme or rickettsia

Question 32

True or False: Mucosal involvement is common in hand and foot lesions, herpes, and syphilis

Answer 32

True

Question 33

In children, a triad of hair loss, scaling, and lymphadenopathy is diagnostic of:

Answer 33

Tinea capitis

Question 34

Assessing the superficial skin for texture is done by

Answer 34

palpation with the finger tips

Question 35

Deeper palpation of the skin is done using

Answer 35

thumb and index fingers

Question 36

checking for enlargement of these areas may be of assistance in the diagnosis of a systemic cause of skin disorders

Answer 36

Liver and spleen

Question 37

This is used to assess for blanching on pressure and is accomplished by pressing a glass or clear plastic slide on the lesion

Answer 37

Diascopy

Question 38

Diascopy is most helpful in evaluating what kind of lesions?

Answer 38

purpuric lesions

Question 39

Long wave ultraviolet light is used in the diagnosis of of lesions caused by what type of microorganism?

Answer 39

Fungi

Question 40

A Tzanck smear is used to test for?

Answer 40

Herpes Simplex and Herpes Zoster

Question 41

also known as slapped cheek disease, a systemic illness of sudden onset characterized by coalescing, red, maculopapular eruption on the face, with reticular eruption occurring on the extremities 2-3 days later. What is the disease and what is the treatment?

Answer 41

Fifth Disease (erythema infectiosum); the disease is self limiting.

Question 42

superficial pustular, bullous, or nonbullous eruption, followed by honey colored crusting. Typically localized that can occur anywhere on the body.

Answer 42

impetigo

Question 43

Caused by a viral exanthem, and the systemic illness that results is characterized by a fine, erythematous, morbilliform eruption on the face that spreads rapidly to the trunk and becomes confluent and reticulate.

Answer 43

Measles (Rubeola)

Question 44

A viral exanthem similar to measles and starts as fine macules and papules on the face and progresses caudally. Lymphadenopathy of post auricular nodes is characteristic.

Answer 44

Rubella

Question 45

This systemic illness is associated with group A B-hemolytic Streptoccus (strep throat) and is characterized by macular erythema of the face, except around the mouth, followed by a disseminated fine papular erythema, which is intensified in the flexor folds. Also has an associated white or strawberry tongue.

Answer 45

Scarlet Fever

Question 46

A viral infection caused by human herpesvirus 6 and characterized by 2-3 days of sustained fever in an irritable infancy who otherwise appears well. After fever decreases, a pink, morbilliform, cutaneous eruption appears transiently and fades within 24 hours. What is the illness and treatment?

Answer 46

Roseola. It is self limiting.

Question 47

Coxsackievirus A16 is the causative organism. Painful mouth ulcers followed by painful white vesicles with a surrounding erythema on the fingers, palms, toes, and soles characterize this condition. What is the illness and treatment?

Answer 47

Hand-foot-mouth disease. It is self limiting