Skin Immunology Flashcards
(44 cards)
what are the components of the immune system
innate (non-specific)
adaptive (specific)
what is the innate immunity
no memory
non specific
first line
what is the adaptive immunity
memory
high specific e.g. antibodies
tolerance
self-limiting
what is hypersensitivity
over-reaction to antigen
what is immunodeficiency
infection not controlled
tumours may form
what is autoimmunity
react to host tissue
chronic inflammation
what is the keratin layer also known as
Stratum Corneum
what is keratinocytes (KC) role in the immune system
Sense pathogens via cell surface receptors and help mediate an immune response
Produce AMPs that kill pathogens
Produce cytokines and chemokines
what can go wrong with KC
KC activated by UV/sunlight and sensitisers e.g. allergic contact dermatitis
High levels of AMP in psoriasis cases
what are langerhans cells
APC characterised by Birbeck granule (tennis racket)
what are the role of langerhans cells
- act as sentinels in the epidermis
- process lipid Ag and microbial fragments and present them to effector T cells
- activate T cells
what type of T cells are in a majority in the epidermis
CD8+ T cells
true or false - only CD8+ T cells are found in the dermis
false
both CD8+ and CD4+ cells are found in the dermis
what diseases are CD4+ T helper cells associated with
TH1 (psoriasis)
TH2 (atopic dermatitis)
TH17 (psoriasis and atopic dermatitis)
where are T cells produced
bone marrow
where are T cells sensitised
Thymus
what do Th1 cells do
Activate macrophages to destroy microorganisms
what do Th2 cells do
help B cells to make Ab
what are Th cells derivates of
CD4+
what are cytotoxic cells responsible for
killing infected cells directly
important protection against viruses and cancer
what dendritic cells are found in the dermis
Dermal DC
Plasmacytoid DC
what do dermal DC cells do
involved in Ag presenting
secreting cyto/chemokines
what do plasmacytoid DC cells do
produce IFN alpha
what are preformed mediators of mast cells
tryptase, TNF, histamine
