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Spring 2015 PNT Exam 5 > Skin Infections > Flashcards

Skin Infections Flashcards

1
Q

define epidermis

A

outermost, nonvascular layer of skin

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2
Q

define dermis

A

consists of connective tissue, blood vessels, lymphatics, sensory nerve endings, sweat and secaceous glands, hair follicles, and smooth muscle fibers

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3
Q

define subcutaneous tissue

A

layer of loose connective tissue containing primarily fat cells

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4
Q

Define fascia

A

connective tissue surrounding muscle

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5
Q

Health care acquired MRSA risk factors

A 
Hospital attendance in the past 3 months
antimicrobial usage
surgery
dialysis
diabetes
indwelling devices
residency in LTCF
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6
Q

Community acquired MRSA risk factors

A 
Recurrent infections
Prison inmates
athletes
military recruits
native americans
children 
IVDU
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7
Q

define folliculitis

A

superficial inflammatory reaction involving the hair follicle

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8
Q

treatment for folliculitis

A

moist heat

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9
Q

describe the appearance of folliculitis

A

small, pruritic, erythematous papules

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10
Q

define furnuncle

A

infections of the hair follicle extending through the dermis into subcutaneous tissue

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11
Q

most common areas for furnuncles

A

face, neck, axilla, buttock

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12
Q

describe the appearance of a furnuncle

A

small, red, tender nodule -> painful and pustular

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13
Q

common pathogen of furnuncles and carbuncles

A

S. aureus

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14
Q

Define carbuncle

A

multiple furnuncles - very broad multiple hair follicles

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15
Q

most common area for carbuncles

A

back of the neck

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16
Q

describe the appearance of a carbuncle

A

broad, swollen, erythematous, deep, and painful masses

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17
Q

Empiric therapy for furnuncles/carbuncles with no surrounding cellulitis

A

moist heat

18
Q

empiric therapy for furnuncles/carbuncles with large, focal, fluctuant lesions

A

incision + drainage

19
Q

when are antibiotics required in addition to incision and drainage for furuncles/carbuncles

A

extensive surrounding cellulitis
face
fever

20
Q

antibiotics for furuncles/carbuncles if no MRSA risk factors

A

Nafcillin IV -> Dicloxacillin PO
Cefazolin -> cephalexin
Amp/sulbactam -> amox/clav

21
Q

antibiotics for furuncles/carbuncles if MRSA risk factors

A

bactrim
doxy
clinda

22
Q

duration of treatment for furuncles/carbuncles

A

5-10 days

23
Q

when is bactrim not used

A

SCr > 1.5
Hyperkalemia > 5.5
Plts

24
Q

when is bactrim not used

A

SCr > 1.5
Hyperkalemia > 5.5
Plts

25
Q

when is doxy not used

A

photosensitivity

tetracycline allergy

26
Q

When is clinda not used

A

C.diff - severe or recurrent

27
Q

Prevention for furuncles/carbuncles

A

Improve personal hygiene (chlorhexidine soap/seperate use of towels, clothing, bed wear)
mupirocin ointment to anterior nares
clindamycin x 3 months

28
Q

define cellulitis

A

deeper into dermis and subcutaneous tissue; due to skin break

29
Q

describe cellulitis

A

rapidly spreading areas of edema, redness, and heat with inflammation of lymph nodes
lesions are non-elevated and have poorly defined margins
commonly affect the lower extremities

30
Q

common pathogens in cellulitis

A

Beta hemolytic strep

S. aureus

31
Q

cellulitis with bollae + vessicles causative organism

A

Staph

32
Q

treatment for cellulitis with bullae

A

treat like furuncle/carbuncle

33
Q

non-pharmacologic therapy for cellulitis

A

immobilization and elevation of a limb to reduce swelling
cool, sterile, saline dressing - remove purulent exudate and decrease pain
drainage of abscess

34
Q

what makes cellulitis severe

A

abnormal skin or wounds
immunocompromised
requiring surgery

35
Q

when should hospitalization and IV antibiotics be used for cellulitis

A

systemic signs of infection
significant comorbid conditions
cellulitis is spreading rapidly

36
Q

treatment of cellulitis with no risk factors for MRSA

A

Dicloxacillin PO / nafcillin/oxacillin IV
Cephalexin / cefazolin
Levofloxacin

37
Q

duration of treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis

A

5 days

38
Q

duration of treatment for complicated/more severe cellultis

A

5-10 days

39
Q

duration of treatment for complicated/more severe cellultis

A

5-10 days

40
Q

treatment of cellulitis with risk factors for MRSA

A 
clindamycin
doxycycline
Bactrim
vanco
linezolid
daptomycin

Spring 2015 PNT Exam 5 (6 decks)

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