Skin physiology Flashcards
(23 cards)
the three skin layers
epidermis
dermis
hypodermis
functions of the skin
protection of the underlying organs
produces melanin that protects against UV
lipid and fat storage in the adipocytes
synthesis of the steroid a hormone that is important for calcium metabolism
temperature regulation
excretion of the unwanted substances through the glands
produces keratin for water repellent
epidermis
the protective barrier, no blood circulation and has mostly the keratinocytes
dermis
has blood circulation and contains collagen and elastin that is used for strength
hypodermis
has the adipose tissues for the storage of the fats
cutaneous
consist of dermis and epidermis because they have some skin in them
subcutaneous
only has the hypodermis because it is under the skin
epidermis
has a thin and thick layer
thin layer
stratum corneum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basal
thick layer
stratum corneum
stratum lucidum
stratum granulosum
stratum spinosum
stratum basal
stratum corneum
has the dead cells without nuclei
stratum granulosum
dehydrates the cells before going into the stratum corneum and some waxy material is secreted into the spaces between the stratum
stratum spinosum
has some desmosome bridges that links the cells together
stratum basal
makes more epidermis cells as the basal layers are divided into daughter cells
stratum lucidum
increases surface area and this is mostly for soles of feet and the palms
dermis
divided into two layers that are papillary and reticular layers
papillary layer
this is mostly for nourishment
reticular layer
this contains the strings of collagen and elastin and is mostly for strength
the dermis plexus
cutaneous plexus
subpapillary plexus
cutaneous plexus
a network of blood vessels that is at the junction of the dermis and hypodermis that provides blood to the hypodermis
subpapillary plexus
a network of blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the upper dermis and epidermis
accessory structures
hair, nails, sweat glands, receptors
