Skin - principles, congenital disorders Flashcards
(26 cards)
Therapy of juvenile localised demodicosis
- spontaneous healing (up to 90%)
- no need for acaricid therapy, if small amounts of mites, but followup in every two weeks
- if many mites: shampooing with follicular flushing effect: benzoyl-peroxide. + registered spot on Advocate (moxidectin) in every 4-2 weeks
therapy of generalized demodicosis
- intense therapy + immunostimulation
- not registered by now: flusjing with amitraz 250-600 ppm in every 7-14 days
Therapy of feneralized demodicosis registered per os:
- fluralaner (metabolised in liver), afoxolaner (metabolised in kidney), sarolaner (metabolised in liver), lotilaner (metabolised in liver)
Use of antibiotics in pyoderma:
- emirical
first line:
- Cefalexin 2*30mg/kg: dont influence gut lora, narrow spectrum, but takes staph.
- Cefadroxil 2*22mg/kg
- (clindamycin, likomycin, szulfadimetoxin)
Use of antibiotics in pyoderma:
- based on resistance:
- amox - clavulon
- cefovecin
antifungal therapy
Topically:
- imaverol solution, malaseb shampoo AUV
Systematically:
- itrakonazole (microsporum, candida, malassezia, aspergillus, leishmania, trypanosoma)
- terbinafin 8trichophyton)
- fluconazole (fungal meningitis and oral candida)
Alopecia
- “Black hair follicle dysplasia”
Occurrence:
- bearded collie, dachshound, papillon, basset
Clinical signs:
- from 4 weeks hairs fall out, fail to grow, scaling
Diagnosis:
- skin biopsy (abnormal follicles, with keratine plugs)
Treatment:
- antiseborrheoic shampoo (selenium disulphide, benzoyl peroxyde)
Alopecia
- Color mutant alopecia
“blue dobermann syndrome”, “blue dog disease”
Occurrence:
- in red and beige (fawn) dobermann, fawn irish setter + blue individuals of some other breeds
Clinical signs:
- at 1-3 years “moth eaten” alopecia on the back parts of the coat + increased scale + papule formation
Diagnosis:
- skin biopsy (cystic hair follicles filled with keratin)
Alopecia
- pattern alopecia Dachshound:
- bilateral alopecia of the pinnae (males)
- ventral alopecia (females)
- no response to treatment
Alopecia:
- melanoderma and alopecia of yorkshire
- onset at 6months-3years (both sex)
- occurs at the nose and legs
- spontaneous recovery is possible
Types of Alopecia:
- Generalized (normal, pathological, naturally)
- Hypotrichosis (siemese, devon rex cat)
- Black hair follicle dysplasia
- color mutant alopecia
- pattern alopecia: dachs
- melanoderma and alopecia in yorkshire
Types of Congenital pigmentation defects
- Hereditary vitiligo
- canine cyclic hematopoesis (grey collie syndrome)
- tyrosinase deficiency in the chow-chow
Congenital pigmentation defects
- Hereditary vitiligo
Occurrence:
- GS, belgian shepherd, rottweiler, dobermann, old english shepherd, dachshund
Clinical signs:
- hypopigmentation on the nose, lip, buccal mucosa, facial skin, footpads, nails
Congenital pigmentation defects
- canine cyclic hematopoesis (grey collie syndrome)
Occurence: 6-12weeks
Clinical signs:
- pyrexia, lymphadenopathy, nonregenerative anemia, arthralgia, diarrhea
Course: lethal
Congenital pigmentation defects
- tyrosinase deficiency of Chow-chow
- Cause: impared melanin synthesis
- occurs in puppies: pink tounge, hair shafts turh white
- sp. recovery
types of Abnormalities of structural integrity
- Aplasia cutis (epitheliogenesis imperfecta)
- cutaneous asthenia (Ehlers-Danos syndrome, rubber puppy disease, fibrodysplasia elastica) collagen dysplasia
- dermatomyositis
- canine ichtyosis (fish skin disease)
- zinc-responsive dermatosis
- Schnauzer comedo syndrome
- Sebaceous adenitis (SA)
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- Aplasia cutis (epitheliogenesis imperfecta)
- occurs in both dogs and cats
- focal absence of epithelium where ulcers develop
- course: +/- fatal (milder cases may heal or be treated)
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- cutaneous asthenia (Ehlers-Danos syndrome, rubber puppy disease, fibrodysplasia elastica) collagen dysplasia
Occurrence:
- beagle, dachs, boxer, st. bernard, GS, dobermann, himalayan cat, dsh cat
Clinical signs:
- soft, velvet like skin, too flexible skin, tear of skin without bleeding, poor healing, multiple scars, +/- vasopathy, cardiac valve disroder, humans: joint hyperfelxibility
Abnormalities of structural integrity
- Dermatomyositis
- Occurrence: rough collies, Shetland sheepdogs
- Clin signs: from 3 month, lesions: papules, vesicles, pustules, crusts on the nose, eyes, tips of pinnae and tail, bony prominences of the feet + muscle atrophy
- Diagnosis: skin + muscle biopsy
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- Canine ichtyosis (fish skin disease)
• generalized hyperkeratosis on the skin and foot-pads
- Golden retriver ichtyosis (PNPLA1 gene)
• mild improvement to antiseborrheoic and keratolytic ointments
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- Zinc-responsive dermatosis
Hereditary zinz absorption defect: malamut, huskies
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- Schnauzer comedo syndrome
Occurrence: - exclusively male schnauzers Clinical signs: - comedones along the dorsum, +/- papules, sec., folliculitis Treatment: - benzoyl peroxyde
Abnormalities of structural integrity:
- Sebaceous adenitis (SA)
Occurrence:
- Vizsla, akita, samoyed, poodle
Clinical signs:
- on the trunk: scaling, alopecia, seborrhea
Treatment:
- antiseborrhoic drugs, cyclosporine 5mg/kg SID, isotretinoin 0.5-1mg/kg$24 hr p.o
Types of Miscellaneous conditions, unknown etiology
- Acanthosis nigricans
- Primary idiopathic seborrhea
