Skin speed-round

Question 1

What causes pyoderma?

Answer 1

Skin: Staphylococcus spp. intermedius / pseudintermedius
(dogs)
Oral: Pasteurella spp. / Streptococcus spp. (kittens)

Question 2

Describe pyoderma lesion

Answer 2

Superficial - pustular dermatitis
Deep - Folliculitis, furunculosis, subcutaneous abscess, cellulitis

Question 3

Virulence factors pyoderma (Staph)

Answer 3

Staph = gram positive coccus (grape)

• Capsular polysaccharide, teichoic acids, protein A - Interfere with phagocytosis
• Catalase - Aids in survival within phagocytes
• Coagulase - Shield from phagocytic cells

Question 4

Pyoderma tx

Answer 4

Resolve with time
Topical antiseptic shampoo
AM (6-8 weeks) look at slide for more details

Question 5

What causes exudative epidermitis? + characteristics

Answer 5

Staphylococcus hyicus
Gram positive coccus

Question 6

Describe lesion of exudative epidermitis?

Answer 6

Extensive, non-pruritic dermatitis with a greasy exudate - Excess sebacious secretion, exfoliation, cellulitis, scabs, blisters and
pustules

Question 7

Virulence factor exudative epidermitis

Answer 7

Exfoliative toxin - disrupts cell attachment

Question 8

Exudative epidermitis tx

Answer 8

AM (5 days) system or topical
Hydration

Question 9

What causes Swine erysipelas + characteristics?

Answer 9

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae - Gram-positive, catalase-negative rod

Question 10

Virulence factors of swine erysipelas?

Answer 10

• Capsule -> protects against phagocytosis
• Neuraminidase -> adherence to endothelial cells

Question 11

Tx swine erysipelas?

Answer 11

AM (3-6) Penicillin or tetracycline in water or feed
Can vax
Chronic infection not really treatable

Question 12

Lesion of swine erysipelas?

Answer 12

Diamond shaped erythema (pathognomonic)

Question 13

Dermatophilus congolensis characteristics and what is causes

Answer 13

Gram-positive, filamentous bacteria (long chain of branching cocci)

Cutaneous streptotrichosis, lumpy wool, strawberry foot rot, rain rot

Question 14

Dermatophilus congolensis virulence factors?

Answer 14

Phospolipases and proteolytic enzymes - help to invade skin

Question 15

Describe lesion of Dermatophilus congolensis?

Answer 15

Raised scab like crusts containing filaments with zoospores

Question 16

Dermatophilus congolensis tx

Answer 16

• Resolve on its own
• AM - systemically
  Topically AM don’t work, use providone-iodine or chlorhex shampoo

Question 17

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis characteristics and what is causes

Answer 17

Gram-positive rod (bacillus) and coccus. Subtype equipment and ovis.

• Caseous lymphadenitis -> Small ruminants
• Ulcerative lymphangitis -> Horses (a.k.a. pigeon fever or false strangles)
• Cutaneous granulomas -> Cattle

Question 18

Virulence factors Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 18

• Phospholipase D -> ability to invade
• Mycolic acid -> protects from the immune system

Question 19

Lesion Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 19

Chronic abscesses on limbs (cattle + horse) and abdomen (horse) and systemic illness (horse)

Question 20

Tx Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis?

Answer 20

Cattle - naaah, or shampoo
Horses - lance and drain abscess, AM, fly control

Question 21

What causes canine nocardiosis + characteristics?

Answer 21

Nocardia spp. - gram-positive, rods that form filaments

Question 22

Virulence factors canine nocardiosis?

Answer 22

• Superoxide dismutase
• Catalase
  Both help intracellular survival

Question 23

Lesion nocardiosis?

Answer 23

Cutaneous form -> indolent ulcer or pyogranulomatous lesions with draining tracts - firm nodules, abscesses, fistulous tracts, and extensive
fibrosis

Question 24

Tx canine nocardiosis?

Answer 24

sx removal
AM - Amikacin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole -> at least 6 weeks

Question 25

Characteristic on Pasteurella multocida and what it likes to infect?

Answer 25

Gram negative coccobacillus Most common cause of bite and scratch wound infections (and cellulitis in humans after cat bite)

Question 26

Virulence factors P. multocida?

Answer 26

Adhesins

Question 27

Lesion with P. multocida

Answer 27

Cellulitis

Question 28

Tx P. multocida

Answer 28

Drain pus & AM (Ampicillin, cefazolin, amoxicillinclavulanate, cefovecin)

Question 29

Common causes sx wound infection dogs?

Answer 29

Staph pseudintermedius, Staph aureus, Streptococcus spp., coliforms

Question 30

Common causes sx wound infection cats?

Answer 30

Staph spp., Strep spp., coliforms, Pasteurella multocida

Question 31

Tx sx infection

Answer 31

Broadspectum AM - Clavulanic acid-amoxicillin or ampicillin-sulbactam.