Skull - Text ch 6

Question 1

Where is the point of attachment for the lateral pterygoid muscle?

Answer 1

Anterior surface of the condyle

Question 2

Which bones make up most of the hard palate, nose and upper dental ridge and are involved in clefting of the lip and hard palate?

Answer 2

The paired maxillae

Question 3

What bone does the frontal process of the maxilla articulate with?

Answer 3

The frontal bone

Question 4

What is the superior most point of the maxilla?

Answer 4

The frontal process

Question 5

What makes up 3/4 of the hard palate?

Answer 5

The palatine process of the maxilla

Question 6

What makes up the other 1/4 of the hard palate?

Answer 6

The horizontal plate of the palatine bone

Question 7

At which location does a cleft lip occur?

Answer 7

Premaxillary suture

Question 8

What are the small scroll-like bones found on the lateral surface of the nasal cavity?

Answer 8

Inferior nasal conchae

Question 9

Describe the nasal bones and their articulation points:

Answer 9

Nasal bones: small. Make up the superior nasal cavity. Articulate with: Superiorly - frontal bone, laterally - frontal process of the maxillae, perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, nasal septal cartilage

Question 10

Which bones do the inferior nasal conchae articulate with?

Answer 10

*Maxillae, palatine bones, ethmoid bone

Question 11

The middle and superior nasal conchae are processes of which bone?

Answer 11

Ethmoid bone

Question 12

How many bones and cartilages make up the nasal septum? Name them:

Answer 12

2 bones: 
*Vomer
*Perpendicular plate of the Ethmoid bone
1 cartilage:
* Septal cartilage

Question 13

Which bones does the zygomatic bone articulate with?

Answer 13

• Maxilla
• Frontal bone
• Temporal bone
• Sphenoid bone

Question 14

What does the zygomatic arch consist of?

Answer 14

• The temporal process of the zygomatic bone

* The zygomatic process of the temporal bone

Question 15

The process of the maxilla that articulates with the zygomatic bone, found at the base of the orbital margin?

Answer 15

The maxillary process

Question 16

The peak shape on the superior part of the Ethmoid bone is called what?

Answer 16

Crista Galli

Question 17

What is the part of the Ethmoid bone which projects down, making up the superior nasal septum?

Answer 17

The perpendicular plate

Question 18

The Sphenoid bone has 3 pairs of processes. Name them:

Answer 18

• The greater wings
• The lesser wings
• The pterygoid processes

Question 19

Which part of the Sphenoid bone comprises a part of the anterolateral skull, and articulates with the frontal and temporal bones?

Answer 19

The Greater wing

Question 20

The fossa between the lateral and medial pterygoid plates is the point of attachment for which muscle of mastication?

Answer 20

Medial Pterygoid muscle

Question 21

The foramen ovale in the sphenoid bone provides the conduit for which branch of CN V trigeminal?

Answer 21

CN V3 Mandibular Nerve

Question 22

The optic canal of the superior Sphenoid carries which nerve?

Answer 22

CN II Optic Nerve

Question 23

The foramen rotundum is the conduit for which of the branches of CN V trigeminal?

Answer 23

CN V2 Maxillary Nerve

Question 24

The point of articulation of the frontal and parietal bones?

Answer 24

Coronal suture

Question 25

The two parietal bones meet at the _____ ______.

Answer 25

Sagittal suture

Question 26

Articulation of partietal bones with the occipital bone is called....?

Answer 26

Lambdoidal Suture

Question 27

Articulation between parietal and temporal bone?

Answer 27

Squamosal suture

Question 28

Which bones does the occipital bone articulate with?

Answer 28

Temporal, Parietal and Sphenoid bones

Question 29

Large opening at the base of the occipital bone for the spinal cord and beginning of medulla oblongata.

Answer 29

Foramen Magnum

Question 30

Resting point for 1st cerebral vertebra on the base of the occipital bone.

Answer 30

Condyles

Question 31

Squamosal suture separating the temporal bone from the parietal bone is also known as the ___ ___.

Answer 31

Parietomastoid suture

Question 32

The temporal bone is separated from the occipital bone by the _____ ______.

Answer 32

Occipitomastoid suture

Question 33

Which 2 of the 4 nasal sinuses are visible on a mid-sagittal section?

Answer 33

Frontal sinus | Sphenoidal sinus

Question 34

Describe the heart:

Answer 34

4 chambered. L and R upper atria (upper chambers) and L and R Ventricles (lower chambers)

Question 35

Path of blood through body:

Answer 35

R Atrium -> R Ventricle -> Pulmonary arteries -> Lungs -> Pulmonary veins -> L Atrium -> L Ventricle -> Aorta -> Tissues -> Vena Cava -> R Atrium

Question 36

On which side is the brachiocephalic trunk?

Answer 36

Right side

Question 37

Path of blood to external carotid artery, RHS?

Answer 37

Aorta -> Brachiocephalic trunk -> R Common carotid artery -> [bifurcate around thyroid level] - Internal carotid artery - External carotid artery

Question 38

Some branches off the external carotid artery:

Answer 38

* Lingual artery * Facial artery * Maxillary artery (TMJ et al) * Superficial temporal artery (skin and superficial cranium)

Question 39

Internal carotid arteries pass through the _____ _____ into the skull and supply ____ and _____ parts of the brain.

Answer 39

1. Carotid canals 2. anterior 3. lateral

Question 40

Path of blood to posterior brain, RHS:

Answer 40

Aorta -> brachiocephalic trunk -> Subclavian artery -> vertebral artery -> [L and R unite/merge] -> Basilar artery ->

Question 41

Venous blood return path from superficial structures of head and neck:

Answer 41

L and R external jugular veins -> L and R brachiocephalic veins -> Superior vena cava -> R Atrium of heart

Question 42

Venous blood return from deep structures of head and neck:

Answer 42

Dural sinuses (brain) and vertebral veins -> L and R internal jugular veins -> L and R brachiocephalic veins -> superior vena cava -> R Atrium of heart

Question 43

Which structures do the L and R internal jugular veins travel alongside:

Answer 43

* Common carotid arteries | * Trachea / larynx

Question 44

What is a process?

Answer 44

A prominence or projection of bone that usually serves as an attachment point for ligaments or muscles.

Question 45

What is a foramen (pl. foramina)?

Answer 45

A hole in a bone, usually for a nerve or blood vessel to pass through.

Question 46

What kind of a joint is the TMJ?

Answer 46

Synovial joint (fluid filled capsule and ligaments surrounding it).

Question 47

These paranasal sinuses are found posterior to the ethmoid sinuses.

Answer 47

Sphenoid sinuses

Question 48

3 functions of a the paranasal sinuses:

Answer 48

1. Reduction of skull weight 2. Contribute to voice resonance 3. Increase surface area for warming and humidifying inhaled air

Question 49

These paranasal sinuses are found just above the orbits.

Answer 49

Frontal sinuses

Question 50

These paranasal sinuses are found laterally to the nasal cavity

Answer 50

Maxillary sinuses

Question 51

These paranasal sinuses are found posterior to the frontal sinuses and superior to the nasal cavity. They have a honeycomb-like appearance:

Answer 51

Ethmoid sinuses (ethmoid cells)

Question 52

Name the four paranasal sinuses:

Answer 52

1. Frontal sinuses 2. Maxillary sinuses 3. Ethmoid sinuses 4. Sphenoid sinuses

Question 53

What are the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 53

Hollow air spaces lined with mucous membrane (that produces mucous).

Question 54

Why does our voice sound flat or dull when we have inflammation in our sinuses?

Answer 54

Causes paranasal sinuses to swell and overproduce mucous - effects voice resonance as the resonant air space starts to become filled with mucous.

Question 55

How does mucous produced in the paranasal sinuses drain?

Answer 55

Via ducts into the nasal cavity