slaughter Flashcards
learn slaughter topics from week 1 VPH (83 cards)
Put these steps of beef production in order …
1antemortem inspection
2hide removal
3stunning
4head removal
5shackling
6sticking/bleeding
7evisceration
8spinal cord removal
9splitting
10trimming
11deboning
12quatering
13marking
14washing (not always)
15chillling
1-3-5-6-4-2-7-9-8-10-13-14-15-12-11
What does evisceration mean ?
to take out internal organs
What does trimming entail ?
remove contamination/pathology
Put these steps of lamb production in the correct order …
1 stunning
2 evisceration
3 antemortem
4 shackling
5 hide removal
6 bleeding
7 splitting ( if over 1 yr)
8 marking
9 washing ( not always )
10 chilling
11 trimming
12 deboning
3-1-4-6-5-2-7-11-8-9-10-12
Put these steps of pork production in order …
1 shackling
2 stunning
3 antemortem
4bleeding
5 polishing
6 singing ( not always )
7dehairing
8 washing
9 scalding
10 washing again
11 evisceration
12 splitting
13 deboning
14 health mark
15 chilling
3-2-1-4-9-7-6-5-8-11-12-10-14-15-13
Definition of stunning
process which is intentionally used to cause loss of consciousness and sensibility without pain (as well as any process resulting in instant death)
What are the aims of stunning ?
-kill/slaughter
-obtain the max amount of blood from the animal - increases keeping quality
-health and safety
What is simple stunning ?
stun animal unconscious but do not instantly kill it ( this should be followed up with process to kill animal before it can recover from consciousness )
Give one example of each - stunning to kill and simple stunning
-gun or rifle
-stun and then bleed or pith immediately after
What is CoC ?
-certificate of competence
-licensing of slaughtermen
Name the different stunning methods
-captive bolt
-electronarcosis
-gas
what phases captive bolt are there ? describe ?
-tonic phase - usually takes 10-20s animal stops breathing , becomes rigid , head extended , legs flexed
-clonic phase - involuntary kicking
-relaxation - walking paddling movements
What signs are you looking for that show a good stun ?
-collapse
- no rhythmic breathing
- fixed glazed expression
-no corneal reflex
-relaxed jaw
-tongue hanging out
Describe captive bolt , what it is ? what it does ? considerations .
what is it ?
can get penetrative or non-penetrative( non penetrative used cattle under 10kg) ,
area for stun for cows cross between eyes and top of ears for sheep more on top and for sheep with horns at angle on top ,stunners not killers , use blank cartridges
what does it do ? - damages , nerves , bv ,rise then fall in pressure , duration depends on severity of damage
considerations ?
need formal training and ov supervision , restraint , correct site , produce full tonic phase , make sure pith or bleed as quick as possible , cleaning and maintenance.
Describe electronarcosis , what it is ? what it does ? considerations .
what is it ?
-electric stunning
what does it do ?
head only stuns is reversible , head-body causes cardiac arrest and is ireversible ( must stun by doing head first never do body first and induce cardiac arrest straight away ), minimum currents for each animal , should have an epileptic fit
epileptic fits - tonic , clonic recovery
considerations .
accurate placement of electrodes
good contact
no more than 15s before sticking
servicing of equipment
operator training
Describe gas stunning , what it is ? what it does ? considerations .
what is it ? - can have inert gases , co2 mixed with inert or just high co2 ,stunning for pigs and poultry
what does it do ?
considerations
certain percentages of conc (80 for co2 , 40 for co2 mix )
when does bleeding occur how does it occur in different species ?
-during tonic phase
-small ruminants : cut neck , jugular
-cattle pigs - thoracic cut , ascending aorta
What does singing do ?
-eliminates remaining hairs
-kills bacteria though this isn’t the primary reason it is conducted
What does polishing do ?
eliminates burned hair and superficial dermis and so improves quality
What is the protocol for shot on farm ?
-FCI is called health declaration
-vet carries out the health declaration and the animal is transported like an emergency slaughter animal to an abattoir for normal dressing
What are some advantages of farmed large game ? e.g wild boar and deer
-avaliability all year round
-have same nutritional values and organoleptic characteristics as the wild-game meat
if wild shot whats the protocol ?
-shot by trained hunter
transported to larder-AGHE-inspected-sold or larder-pub/butcher-sold
What 3 things does a eu health mark have and what does it show ?
-country , producer( 4 numbers ) and european community
-food been produced at current standards of hygenic food production in licensed premises and can be tracked back to that premises
What is the Food business operator (FBO) responsible for in the slaughterhouse ?
animal welfare and food hygiene
