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History > Slavery > Flashcards

Slavery Flashcards

1
Q

What happened in the slave trade triangle?

A

Textiles,rum and manufactured goods were sent to Africa from Britain.
Slaves were sent to America from West Africa.
Sugar tobacco and cotton were sent to Europe fro North America and the West Indies.

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2
Q

What was the voyage from Africa to the Americas called?

A

The Middle Passage

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3
Q

What was the most dangerous part of the journey in the slave trade?

A

The middle passage

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4
Q

What did the Ashanti people do?

A

The Asante people would enslave people that broke tribal laws. Prisoners of war would be sold to Europeans.

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5
Q

What did African traders or tribal chiefs do?

A

They caught slaves and exchanged them with Europeans at slave ports

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6
Q

Where were captured slaves held?

A

Captured slaves were often held in slave factories, built by the British or other Europeans. They were heavily fortified to prevent attacks and provided jobs for locals.

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7
Q

Why were the slaves heads shaved?

A

To prevent the spread of lice

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8
Q

What is a tribe?

A

A tribe is a group of people connected to each other, who share a common ancestry and culture.

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9
Q

Did people in Africa benefit from the slave trade?

A

Some people did benefit from the slave trade but the majority suffered.

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10
Q

Were all slaves treated the same?

A

No some slaves were treated better than others.

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11
Q

What negative impacts did the slave trade have on Africa?

A

Tribal warfare increased
The youngest men and women were lost (stolen) and the population became imbalanced
Farming was negatively impacted as farms were to far away from the village to be safe from slave traders
Racism increased (racist propaganda was used to justify slavery)
Deadly diseases spread

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12
Q

What positive effects did the slave trade have on Africa?

A

Some states used slavery to become more powerful by trading their own slaves for the resources they wanted. Some raided villages to capture slaves to sell. Some transport improved for slaves and goods.

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13
Q

How many people are estimated to of been taken from Africa to the Americas as slaves?

A

Around 12 million

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14
Q

How many people are estimated to of died on the journey or on their way to the coast to get on ships?

A

Around 6 million

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15
Q

Name a disease that often killed slaves kept near rivers.

A

Malaria

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16
Q

How did slavery create famine?

A

Young people were often taken as slaves and this left few people to grow food

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17
Q

What happened to land when slaves were taken?

A

There weren’t enough people to grow crops so land was left uncultivated

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18
Q

What was there impact on war?

A

The slave trade encouraged war between tribes. The demand for slaves led to violence and hatred between African communities.

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19
Q

What happened with racism?

A

People who supported the slave trade made propaganda to make people think Africans were less important than people who were white.

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20
Q

What was the voyage from west Africa to the West Indies called?

A

The middle passage, and it was the most brutal part of the slave trade

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21
Q

What happened to the slaves after the slave factories?

A

The slaves were carried on canoes to the slave ships, their possessions were taken away from them and their heads were shaven.

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22
Q

What was a common belief about the Europeans?

A

Any slaves thought they were cannibals.

23
Q

Why were nets placed around the ships?

A

To stop slaves from trying to escape or committing suicide.

24
Q

How long was the voyage of the middle passage?

A

6-8 weeks long

25
Q

Where were the slaves kept on the ships?

A

The slaves were kept below deck, they ate, slept, did the toilet, gave birth and died bellow deck.

26
Q

How were the men restrained?

A

They were shackled and/or had to use manacles

27
Q

Were men and women kept together on the ships?

A

No they were separated.

28
Q

What could happen to women on the ships?

A

Women were often sexually abused and raped, sometimes they arrived in the West Indies pregnant.

29
Q

How many times a day were the slaves fed?

A

The slaves were fed twice a day and would get about a pint of water. If they didn’t eat they would be force fed.

30
Q

Where did the slaves go to the toilet?

A

I’m latrines which were often knocked over.

31
Q

Who cleaned the ships?

A

Slaves were made to clean the ships.

32
Q

We’re slaves allowed on deck?

A

The slaves were taken up to the deck for 1-2 hours a day for air and exercise and were whipped while chained to make them jump/ exercise/ to entertain the crew.

33
Q

What were common outbreaks of disease?

A

Gastroenteritis, dysentery, dropsy, scarlet fever and yellow fever.

34
Q

We’re the slaves the only people getting Ill?

A

No, the crew often got sick and died too.

35
Q

Was working as crew a good job?

A

No many had to be bribed or drunk to agree to it.

36
Q

How close were the slaves?

A

The slaves were so close that they couldn’t lie down or change their position at all.

37
Q

What does insurrection mean?

A

An insurrection is a violent uprising against an authority or government. When talking about insurrections in the slave trade it is meant that the slaves have rebelled and tried to take over or get free.

38
Q

How many rebellions were there?

A

Roughly 8 for every 10 voyages and 50 major mutinies between 1699 and 1865 in the middle passage.

39
Q

How did the crew get slaves to confess?

A

Thumbscrews

40
Q

We’re there any successful insurrections?

A

The jolly Batchelor in 1742

41
Q

What major cities benefitted from the slave trade in Britain?

A

Bristol, Glasgow, Liverpool and London

42
Q

In what way did Britain benefit from the slave trade?

A

Wealth was created-(merchants profited from the sugar trade as the sugar was grown on European owned plantations)
There were more employment opertunities-(shipbuilding, crew)
Growth of industry- shipbuilding, financial, bankimg, insuranceand manufacturing
Population growth
Cities grew

43
Q

When did Britain take Jamaica and from who?

A

In 1655 Britain took the island Jamaica from the Spanish

44
Q

What did farmers grow in Jamaica?

A

Tobacco and cotton but they were soon replaced with sugar for a larger profit.

45
Q

What was the problem with sugar?

A

It took up a lot of land which pushed out smaller farmers and it needed a lot of workers. To get around this people in the Caribbean started to use African slaves.

46
Q

What happened to native populations like the Arawaks?

A

Native populations like the Arawaks were cleared from their land so plantations could be built. Slave ships also brought diseases that native populations had little immunity to and this lead to many deaths.

47
Q

What happened tot he natural beauty of the islands?

A

Many local plants and wildlife were cleared for sugar cane crops, this decreased the biodiversity and natural beauty.

48
Q

In Barbados what was the ratio of Africans to white people?

A

Eventually 20/1

49
Q

How many slaves brought across on British ships were to go ro Jamaica?

A

Almost a third, slaves had to be constantly brought over to Jamaica ad they died so often.

50
Q

What did the systems in place to control do to the island?

A

They made the island more volatile

51
Q

What did rebellions do?

A

Rebellions sometimes caused damage and destruction to property and plantations.

52
Q

What happened with racism in Jamaica?

A

Racism was increased and slaves laws premited brutal punishments for silly things like execution If a slave played a drum came about. Inter-race marriage became a taboo and there is still a division between white and black communities.

53
Q

What do people in Jamaica feel about the British rule?

A

They feel a sense of injustice

History (2 decks)

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