Sleep Flashcards
Purpose of Sleep
Period of rest and recovery from the demands of wakefulness (Restoration and growth takes place)
Sleep Depravation
Effects all domains of function
-Sleepiness can impair driving performance
-Irritability
-Lower anger and frustration threshold
-Decrease motivation
-Daytime drowsiness
A well rested person needs 15-20 min. to fall asleep
What makes your body want to sleep?
- Circadian Rhythms
- Suprachrasmatic Nuclei
- Adenosine
Circadian Rhythms (What makes your body want to sleep?)
24 cycle of physiological and behavioral functioning; The body goes through rhythmic changes that help us move from sleep to wake
Suprachrasmatic Nuclei (What makes your body want to sleep?)
Controls the release of melatonin; Controls the body temperature and levels of alertness and activity
Adenosine (What makes your body want to sleep?)
Accumulate in the body’s cells during the day when the levels get too high the brain signals that it is time to sleep
Stages of Sleep
4 phases; Non-Rapid Eye Movement – 75% of sleep is in this mode
Stage 1 of Sleep
Transitional /Light Sleep; Brain activity slows, breathing becomes shallow, general awareness of external environment if woken up denies being asleep
Stage 2 of Sleep
Brain activity further slows down, muscle activity decreases, can last from @10-20 minutes
Stage 3 of Sleep
Slow wave sleep – combination of theta and delta brain waves
Stage 4 of Sleep
Deep sleep- would feel groggy if woken usually spend 20-40 min in deep sleep BP drops, RR decreases
Rapid Eye Movement
Usually begins at 70-90 minutes after fallen asleep
- RR and HR rate increases
- Increase brain activity
- Resembles wake state
- Eye movement
- Dreams usually occur at this stage
- Can last 1-10 minutes
Sleep Cycle
- During sleep you can cycle back and forth between stages; the cycle can take up to 90 minutes to 110 minutes
- In 1 night a person can go through 4-5 – each time the REM sleep doubles lasting 10-60 minutes
- As adults age less deep sleep and REM sleep is experienced
Sleep Disorders
- More common in middle to later life
- Women usually have more slow wave sleep and experience more insomnia
- Males usually experience more REM sleep
Sleep Disorders
Dyssomnias, Insomnia
Dyssomnias (Sleep Disorders)
Difficulty in falling or staying asleep , excessive sleepiness
Insomnia (Sleep Disorders)
Difficulty falling or staying asleep at least a few nights a week
- Takes longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep
- 5 or more awakening a night
- Sleeping less than 6.5 hours
- Experiencing less than 15 min of deep slow wave sleep
- Persist for over one month
Sleep Apnea (Sleep Disorders)
Periods of non breathing during sleep 2 major types
Central Sleep Apnea (Sleep Disorders)
Rare condition, brain fails to regulate the diaphragm and other breathing mechanisms properly
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (Sleep Disorders)
More common, upper airway is obstructed during sleep
Narcolepsy (Sleep Disorders)
Sleep attacks; Person unintentionally falls asleep
Restless Leg Syndrome (Sleep Disorders)
Disagreeable sensation in the limbs (usually legs)
Hypersomnia (Sleep Disorders)
Excessive daytime sleepiness despite & adequate amount of sleep at night person may require 12 hours
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder (Sleep Disorders)
Person internal sleep cycle is out of synch with sleep wake demands
