Sleep and Dreams Flashcards
Dement and Kleitman
[Sleep and Dreams] The psychology being investigated.
Sleep and Dreams
Alpha wave
A brain wave spotted in REM stage similar to brain activity when awake.
Symptoms of REM stage
Alpha waves, increase in breathing and heart rates, REM and reduction in body movement.
[Sleep and Dreams] Aim?
o Does dream recall differ in REM and nREM stages of sleep?
o Is there a positive correlation between subjective estimates of and objective data on dream duration?
o Are eye movement patterns related to dream content?
[Sleep and Dreams] Research Method.
Lab Experiment, Correlation, self reports, interview.
[Sleep and Dreams] Experimental design
- Repeated Measures Design.
- Repeated Measures Design
[Sleep and Dreams] Sampling Method
Voluntary Method
[Sleep and Dreams] Sample
7 Male and 2 Females.
5 used in actuals study and 4 used to confirm the findings of the study.
[Sleep and Dreams] Controls 7
o No caffeine
o no alcohol
o Arrived just before normal bed time
o Slept in a dark quiet room with electrodes attached to their scalp
o woken by a doorbell
o Interview not possible until basic procedure complete.
o Report not valid until the specifics of the dream recalled.
Main eye movement patterns
o Mainly vertical
o mainly horizontal
o little of no movement
o both vertical and horizontal
[Sleep and Dreams] How were the participants woken?
o KC and PM through a random number table
o DN three times in REM and then three times in nREM.
o IR on the experimenters whims
o WD told he’d be woken in REM but waking him randomly.
[Sleep and Dreams] Random results
o Uninterrupted REM sleep last a mean of 20 min.
o REM stage longer in the later parts of life
o If woken in nREM will return to nREM but not vice versa except later in the night.
o Individual differences in the sleep cycle.
[Sleep and Dreams] Results. [ Recall differ?]
o 152/91 times a dream recalled in REM stage
o 149/160 times participants didn’t remember a dream in nREM stage.
[Sleep and Dreams] Results. [dream content]
o related
o mainly vertical and horizontal dreams rare.
[Sleep and Dreams] Results. [estimates]
o 88% accuracy for 5 min
o 78% accuracy for 15 min
o correlation between length and estimates: r= 0.4 and r=0.71
