Sleep and Dreams (Module 23 and 24)

Question 1

Circadian Rhythms

Answer 1

Occurs on a 24 hour cycle and includes sleep and wakefulness

Question 2

Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Answer 2

Controls circadian rhythm

Causes the pineal gland to adjust melatonin production in response to light

Question 3

Sleep Stages

Answer 3

4 distinct sleep stages every 90 minutes

Each stage of REM becomes larger through each cycle

Question 4

NREM 1

Answer 4

Drifting thoughts, falling sensation, some mild hallucinations

Question 5

NREM 2

Answer 5

Sleep spindles

Spend most of our time in this stage

Question 6

NREM 3

Answer 6

Large, slow delta waves

sleepwalking and bedwetting.

Question 7

REM

Answer 7

Paradoxical sleep-muscles

Relaxed, but other body systems are active

Fast and regular beta waves

Much like awake-aroused state.

Dreaming

Question 8

Sleep deprivation

Answer 8

Depressed immune system (strong correlation).

Question 9

Freud’s Wish fulfillment theory

Answer 9

Dreams provide a psychic safety valve to discharge unacceptable feelings.

Question 10

Manifest Content

Answer 10

remembered the story line

Question 11

Latent Content

Answer 11

underlying meaning.

Question 12

Information Processing Theory

Answer 12

Dreams may help sift, sort, and fix a day’s experiences in our memory (cognitive perspective).

Question 13

Cognitive-Development Theory

Answer 13

Reflects dreamers’ cognitive development - their knowledge and understanding (cognitive perspective).

Question 14

Activation-Synthesis Theory

Answer 14

Brain engages in a lot of random neural activity. Dreams make sense of this activity (neuroscience perspective).

Question 15

REM Rebound

Answer 15

When deprived of REM sleep and then allowed to sleep, we show incurred REM sleep.