sleep disorders Flashcards
(37 cards)
what is the suprachasmatic nucleus
biological clock, coordinates cincadian rhythms
if awoken in this sleep stage you feel like you haven’t slept
stage 1. 50% reductions in EEG, 5-10 min
this stage is the light sleep stage
stage 2, sleep spindles(EEG, periods of activity then nothing), body temp and heart rate drop,
if you wake up in this stage you feel less rested and this is also the stage where you have night terrors or sleep walk
stage 3, delta waves
this is the stage where dreams occur
REM, EEG looks like awake. EMG is flat
when does the body restore
stage 3, high synchronicity
when does the brain restore
REM, low synchronicity
what is melatonin made from
tryptophan
what stimulates and inhibits melatonin
light inhibits, dark stimulates
what kind of receptors does melatonin use
GPCR
what neurotransmitter increases as ATP is used
Adenosine, inhibitory, accumulates during the day, used up at night, helps regulate GABA
people with insomnia spend most their sleep in which stage
stage 2, light sleep
older people spend less time in which stages
REM and stage 3
mechanisms of RLS
Genetic, iron (part of DA sythesis) difficiency, low ferretin lvls
mech. of narcolepsy
deccresed hypocritens, go straight to REM
Sleep apnea mech
happens mostley in REM when muscles collapse
what is persistent insomnia
longer than 3 months
mechanism of CSA
absence of air in mouth and nose with out activation of inspiratory muscles
what is stimulus control therapy
make a positive connection between bed and sleep, avoid naps, get out of bed if can’t sleep after 20 minutes
what is biofeedback therapy
reduce somatic arousal
sleep hygiene
not useful alone, avoid stimulants, avoid exercises an night, don’t watch the clock
what are zolpidem and eszopiclone metablosized by
3A4 and phase 2
zalepon is metabolized by what
aldhyde oxidase
tasimelteon is indicated for…
non 24 hour
