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Anatomy & Physiology I > Slide Set #1: Intro to A&P & Terminology > Flashcards

Slide Set #1: Intro to A&P & Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of the structure of the human body

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2
Q

Physiology

A

The study of body function

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3
Q

Gross Anatomy

A

Visible to naked eye by surface
observation or dissection

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4
Q

Surface Anatomy

A

The external structure of the body

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5
Q

Systemic Anatomy

A

One organ at a time (class
approach)

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6
Q

Regional Anatomy

A

Multiple organ systems at a time
(career approach)

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7
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

Microscopic analysis of tissues

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8
Q

Comparative Anatomy

A

Study of more than one
species to learn generalizations

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9
Q

Developmental anatomy

A

Study of structural changes within an individual from conception through maturity

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10
Q

Embryology

A

Study of developmental changes occurring
prior to birth

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11
Q

Tissue

A

Group of cells that carry the common function in
the body (muscle, nerve, connective, epithelial)

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12
Q

Organ

A

Structure that has at
least two type of tissue,
performing specific
function

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13
Q

Organ system

A

Multiple organs working together
with shared purpose

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14
Q

Integumentary system

A

Include
* Skin
* Hair
* Nail

Function:
* Protect human body surface
* Synthesizes vitamin D
* Production of sweat and oil

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15
Q

Skeletal system

A

Include:
* Bone
* Ligaments
* Cartilage
* Joints

Function:
* Support body
* Movement
* Protect

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16
Q

Muscular System

A

Include:
* Muscles
* Tendons

Function:
* Support body
* Protect internal organs
* Attached to skeletal system allow for movement

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17
Q

Nervous system

A

Include
* Brain
* Spinal cord
* Nerves

Function
* Control and coordinate all body activities

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18
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Include:
* Heart
* Blood vessels

Function:
Transport system
* Nutrient
* Gases
* Waste

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19
Q

Respiratory system

A

Include:
* Lungs
* Bronchi
* Nasal passage
* Trachea
* Pharynx

Function:
* Inhale
* exhale

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20
Q

Digestive system

A

Include:
* Stomach
* Esophagus
* Small and large intestine

Function:
* Digestion (mechanical and chemical)
* absorption

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21
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Include:
* Lymph nodes
* Lymphatic vessels
* Spleen
* Tonsils

Function:
* Complement cardiovascular system
* Collect leaked fluid
* Involved in immunity

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22
Q

Urinary system

A

Include:
* Kidney
* Bladder
* Urethra

Function:
* Excretion of waste
* Acid base balance
* Water balance

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23
Q

Endocrine system

A

Include:
* Glands
* Hypothalamus
* Pituitary glands
* Adrenal glands
* Thyroid

Function:
* Control and coordinate body activities

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24
Q

Reproductive system

A

Include:
*Male reproductive system
*Female reproductive system

Function:
*Produce offspring

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25
Q

Anatomical position

A
  • Person stands erect with feet together and
    eyes forward
  • Palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed
    away from the body
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26
Q

Directional terminology

A

refers to the body in anatomical position

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27
Q

Axial

A

Head, neck, and trunk

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28
Q

Appendicular

A

Limbs

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29
Q

Superior

A

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

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30
Q

Inferior

A

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

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31
Q

Anterior

A

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

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32
Q

Posterior

A

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

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33
Q

Medial

A

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

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34
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

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35
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

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36
Q

Distal

A

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

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37
Q

Superficial

A

Toward or at the body surface

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38
Q

Deep

A

Away from the body surface; more internal

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39
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side

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40
Q

Contralateral

A

On opposite sides

41
Q

Cephalic

A

Head

42
Q

Frontal

A

Forehead

43
Q

Orbital

A

Eyes

44
Q

Nasal

A

Nose

45
Q

Oral

A

Mouth

46
Q

Mental

A

Chin

47
Q

Cervical

A

Neck

48
Q

Thoracic

A

Chest

49
Q

Axillary

A

Underarms

50
Q

Sternal

A

Middle of the chest

51
Q

Mammary

A

Boob/nipple area

52
Q

Abdominal

A

Abdomen

53
Q

Umbilical

A

Lower abdomen

54
Q

Pelvic

A

Lower stomach

55
Q

Inguinal (groin)

A

Pelvis area

56
Q

Pubic (genital)

A

Genetalia

57
Q

Acromial

A

Shoulder

58
Q

Brachial

A

Upper arm

59
Q

Antecubital

A

Inner elbow

60
Q

Antebrachial

A

Forearm

61
Q

Carpal

A

Wrist

62
Q

Manus

A

Hand

63
Q

Pollex

A

Thumb

64
Q

Palmer

A

Palm

65
Q

Digital

A

Fingers or toes (not thumb/big toe)

66
Q

Coxal

A

Hip

67
Q

Femoral

A

Thigh

68
Q

Patellar

A

Knee cap

69
Q

Crural

A

Leg

70
Q

Fibular/peroneal

A

Side of leg

71
Q

Pedal

A

Foot

72
Q

Tarsal

A

Ankle

73
Q

Metatarsal

A

Foot

74
Q

Hallux

A

Big toe

75
Q

Otic

A

Ear

76
Q

Occipital

A

Back of head

77
Q

Dorsal

A

Back

78
Q

Scapular

A

Sides of back

79
Q

Vertebral

A

Middle length of back

80
Q

Lumbar

A

Lower back

81
Q

Sacral

A

Butt crack area

82
Q

Gluteal

A

Butt

83
Q

Perineal

A

Between anus and external genetalia

84
Q

Olecranial

A

Elbow

85
Q

Metacarpal

A

Hand

86
Q

Popliteal

A

Back of knee

87
Q

Sural

A

Calf

88
Q

Calcaneal

A

Heel

89
Q

Plantar

A

Bottom of foot

90
Q

Midsagittal

A

Right and left parts

91
Q

Transverse

A

Top and bottom parts

92
Q

Coronal/Frontal

A

Front and back parts

93
Q

Cranial Cavity

A

Dorsal cavity that encases the brain

94
Q

Vertebral Cavity

A

Dorsal cavity that encases the spinal cord

95
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

Superior ventral cavity located in the thoracic area

Three areas:
*superior mediastinum (upper sternum)
*pleural cavity (mammary area)
*pericardial cavity within the mediastinum (middle of chest)

96
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Inferior ventral cavity located in the abdomin/pelvic area

97
Q

Abdominopelvic Cavity

A

Inferior ventral cavity located in the abdomen/pelvic area

98
Q

Body Cavity

A
  • Protect delicate organs
  • Allow changes in size and shape of internal organs
99
Q

Serous Membranes (Serosa)

A
  • Covers wall and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
  • Thin, double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid
    *Produce a lubricating fluid
    *Allows organs to slide over one another
    without friction.
    *Contains infection of one organ from
    spreading to another organ.
  • Parietal serosa lines internal body walls
  • Visceral serosa covers the internal organs

Anatomy & Physiology I (4 decks)

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