Slide Set #1: Intro to A&P & Terminology

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the structure of the human body

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of body function

Question 3

Gross Anatomy

Answer 3

Visible to naked eye by surface
observation or dissection

Question 4

Surface Anatomy

Answer 4

The external structure of the body

Question 5

Systemic Anatomy

Answer 5

One organ at a time (class
approach)

Question 6

Regional Anatomy

Answer 6

Multiple organ systems at a time
(career approach)

Question 7

Microscopic Anatomy

Answer 7

Microscopic analysis of tissues

Question 8

Comparative Anatomy

Answer 8

Study of more than one
species to learn generalizations

Question 9

Developmental anatomy

Answer 9

Study of structural changes within an individual from conception through maturity

Question 10

Embryology

Answer 10

Study of developmental changes occurring
prior to birth

Question 11

Tissue

Answer 11

Group of cells that carry the common function in
the body (muscle, nerve, connective, epithelial)

Question 12

Organ

Answer 12

Structure that has at
least two type of tissue,
performing specific
function

Question 13

Organ system

Answer 13

Multiple organs working together
with shared purpose

Question 14

Integumentary system

Answer 14

Include
* Skin
* Hair
* Nail

Function:
* Protect human body surface
* Synthesizes vitamin D
* Production of sweat and oil

Question 15

Skeletal system

Answer 15

Include:
* Bone
* Ligaments
* Cartilage
* Joints

Function:
* Support body
* Movement
* Protect

Question 16

Muscular System

Answer 16

Include:
* Muscles
* Tendons

Function:
* Support body
* Protect internal organs
* Attached to skeletal system allow for movement

Question 17

Nervous system

Answer 17

Include
* Brain
* Spinal cord
* Nerves

Function
* Control and coordinate all body activities

Question 18

Cardiovascular System

Answer 18

Include:
* Heart
* Blood vessels

Function:
Transport system
* Nutrient
* Gases
* Waste

Question 19

Respiratory system

Answer 19

Include:
* Lungs
* Bronchi
* Nasal passage
* Trachea
* Pharynx

Function:
* Inhale
* exhale

Question 20

Digestive system

Answer 20

Include:
* Stomach
* Esophagus
* Small and large intestine

Function:
* Digestion (mechanical and chemical)
* absorption

Question 21

Lymphatic System

Answer 21

Include:
* Lymph nodes
* Lymphatic vessels
* Spleen
* Tonsils

Function:
* Complement cardiovascular system
* Collect leaked fluid
* Involved in immunity

Question 22

Urinary system

Answer 22

Include:
* Kidney
* Bladder
* Urethra

Function:
* Excretion of waste
* Acid base balance
* Water balance

Question 23

Endocrine system

Answer 23

Include:
* Glands
* Hypothalamus
* Pituitary glands
* Adrenal glands
* Thyroid

Function:
* Control and coordinate body activities

Question 24

Reproductive system

Answer 24

Include:
*Male reproductive system
*Female reproductive system

Function:
*Produce offspring

Question 25

Anatomical position

Answer 25

* Person stands erect with feet together and eyes forward * Palms face anteriorly with the thumbs pointed away from the body

Question 26

Directional terminology

Answer 26

refers to the body in anatomical position

Question 27

Axial

Answer 27

Head, neck, and trunk

Question 28

Appendicular

Answer 28

Limbs

Question 29

Superior

Answer 29

Toward the head end or upper part of a structure or the body; above

Question 30

Inferior

Answer 30

Away from the head end or toward the lower part of a structure or the body; below

Question 31

Anterior

Answer 31

Toward or at the front of the body; in front of

Question 32

Posterior

Answer 32

Toward or at the back of the body; behind

Question 33

Medial

Answer 33

Toward or at the midline of the body; on the inner side of

Question 34

Lateral

Answer 34

Away from the midline of the body; on the outer side of

Question 35

Proximal

Answer 35

Closer to the origin of the body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Question 36

Distal

Answer 36

Farther from the origin of a body part or the point of attachment of a limb to the body trunk

Question 37

Superficial

Answer 37

Toward or at the body surface

Question 38

Deep

Answer 38

Away from the body surface; more internal

Question 39

Ipsilateral

Answer 39

On the same side

Question 40

Contralateral

Answer 40

On opposite sides

Question 41

Cephalic

Answer 41

Head

Question 42

Frontal

Answer 42

Forehead

Question 43

Orbital

Answer 43

Eyes

Question 44

Nasal

Answer 44

Nose

Question 45

Oral

Answer 45

Mouth

Question 46

Mental

Answer 46

Chin

Question 47

Cervical

Answer 47

Neck

Question 48

Thoracic

Answer 48

Chest

Question 49

Axillary

Answer 49

Underarms

Question 50

Sternal

Answer 50

Middle of the chest

Question 51

Mammary

Answer 51

Boob/nipple area

Question 52

Abdominal

Answer 52

Abdomen

Question 53

Umbilical

Answer 53

Lower abdomen

Question 54

Pelvic

Answer 54

Lower stomach

Question 55

Inguinal (groin)

Answer 55

Pelvis area

Question 56

Pubic (genital)

Answer 56

Genetalia

Question 57

Acromial

Answer 57

Shoulder

Question 58

Brachial

Answer 58

Upper arm

Question 59

Antecubital

Answer 59

Inner elbow

Question 60

Antebrachial

Answer 60

Forearm

Question 61

Carpal

Answer 61

Wrist

Question 62

Manus

Answer 62

Hand

Question 63

Pollex

Answer 63

Thumb

Question 64

Palmer

Answer 64

Palm

Question 65

Digital

Answer 65

Fingers or toes (not thumb/big toe)

Question 66

Coxal

Answer 66

Hip

Question 67

Femoral

Answer 67

Thigh

Question 68

Patellar

Answer 68

Knee cap

Question 69

Crural

Answer 69

Leg

Question 70

Fibular/peroneal

Answer 70

Side of leg

Question 71

Pedal

Answer 71

Foot

Question 72

Tarsal

Answer 72

Ankle

Question 73

Metatarsal

Answer 73

Foot

Question 74

Hallux

Answer 74

Big toe

Question 75

Otic

Answer 75

Ear

Question 76

Occipital

Answer 76

Back of head

Question 77

Dorsal

Answer 77

Back

Question 78

Scapular

Answer 78

Sides of back

Question 79

Vertebral

Answer 79

Middle length of back

Question 80

Lumbar

Answer 80

Lower back

Question 81

Sacral

Answer 81

Butt crack area

Question 82

Gluteal

Answer 82

Butt

Question 83

Perineal

Answer 83

Between anus and external genetalia

Question 84

Olecranial

Answer 84

Elbow

Question 85

Metacarpal

Answer 85

Hand

Question 86

Popliteal

Answer 86

Back of knee

Question 87

Sural

Answer 87

Calf

Question 88

Calcaneal

Answer 88

Heel

Question 89

Plantar

Answer 89

Bottom of foot

Question 90

Midsagittal

Answer 90

Right and left parts

Question 91

Transverse

Answer 91

Top and bottom parts

Question 92

Coronal/Frontal

Answer 92

Front and back parts

Question 93

Cranial Cavity

Answer 93

Dorsal cavity that encases the brain

Question 94

Vertebral Cavity

Answer 94

Dorsal cavity that encases the spinal cord

Question 95

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 95

Superior ventral cavity located in the thoracic area Three areas: *superior mediastinum (upper sternum) *pleural cavity (mammary area) *pericardial cavity within the mediastinum (middle of chest)

Question 96

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 96

Inferior ventral cavity located in the abdomin/pelvic area

Question 97

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 97

Inferior ventral cavity located in the abdomen/pelvic area

Question 98

Body Cavity

Answer 98

* Protect delicate organs * Allow changes in size and shape of internal organs

Question 99

Serous Membranes (Serosa)

Answer 99

* Covers wall and organs in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities * Thin, double-layered membrane separated by serous fluid *Produce a lubricating fluid *Allows organs to slide over one another without friction. *Contains infection of one organ from spreading to another organ. * Parietal serosa lines internal body walls * Visceral serosa covers the internal organs