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Module 2 > Slides > Flashcards

Slides Flashcards

1
Q

All matter is composed of ____.

A

atoms

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2
Q

What is at the center of the atom?

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Proton’s are ____ charged.

A

positively

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4
Q

Neutron’s are ____ charged.

A

neutral (no charge)

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5
Q

Electron’s are ____ charged.

A

negatively

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6
Q

Orbits the nucleus in energy levels or shells

A

Electron

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7
Q

Atoms lose or gain electrons which causes an imbalance in charge.
Atoms become either positively or negatively charged and are then called?

A

positive ions
negative ions

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8
Q

Valence electrons are at the ____ level from the nucleus

A

farthest

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9
Q

The electron can escape the magnetic pull of the
nucleus and become a…?

A

free electron

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10
Q

Made of materials that easily allow electrons to flow.
– Silver, copper, and gold
- Contains many free electrons
– Move easily from atom to atom
– Contain heat energy which can cause movement
- Electron movement
–Relative to the resistance (movement opposition) the conductor presents
– Also called electric current

A

Conductor

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11
Q

Made of materials that inhibit the flow of electrons
– Glass, rubber, and plastic
Few free electrons

A

Insulator

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12
Q

Made of materials that are neither good as a conductor nor as an insulator
– Silicon and Germanium

A

Semiconductor

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13
Q

The electrical energy/force required to move electrons from one place to another
ex. Chemical reaction inside a battery

A

Voltage

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14
Q

Voltage is also sometimes referred to as?

A

The potential or the difference of potential
EMF – ElectroMotive Force

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15
Q

Voltage Symbol

A

E or V

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16
Q

Voltage Unit of Measurement

A

Volt

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17
Q

Voltage symbol for unit of measurement

A

V

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18
Q

Movement of free electrons through a conductor

A

Current

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19
Q

Rate of movement measured in amperes
– Amount of electric charge passing a point in time

A

Current

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20
Q

Symbol for Current

A

I

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21
Q

Current Unit of Measurement

A

Ampere

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22
Q

Current Symbol for Unit of Measurement

A

A

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23
Q

The amount of opposition a device or material offers against electrons/current movement

A

Resistance

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24
Q

Symbol for resistance

A

R

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25
Q

Resistance Unit of Measurement

A

Ohm

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26
Q

Resistance symbol for unit of measurement

A

Ω

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27
Q

The ability of materials to pass electrons
Opposite of resistance

A

Conductance

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28
Q

Inductance is the physical property of a circuit that opposes changes in current flow.

A

Inductance

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29
Q

An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

A

Inductor

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30
Q

The symbol for an inductance is

A

L

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31
Q

Inductance is measured in…?

A

henries (H)

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32
Q

A _____ is a device that stores electrical energy in an electrostatic (electric) field.

A

capacitor

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33
Q

The effect of a capacitor is known as _____.

A

capacitance

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34
Q

______ is the ratio of the change in electric charge of a system, to the corresponding change in its electric potential.

A

capacitance

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35
Q

Capacitance (C) is measured in…?

A

farads (F)

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36
Q

Today, ______ are widely used in electronic circuits for blocking direct current while allowing alternating current to pass.

A

capacitors

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37
Q

The following picture is the symbol for what kind of capacitor?

A

Adjustable Cap

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38
Q

The following picture is the symbol for what kind of capacitor?

A

Electrolytic Cap

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39
Q

The following picture is the symbol for what kind of capacitor?

A

Standard Cap

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40
Q

Capacitors in analog filter networks, they do what?

A

smooth the output of power supplies.

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41
Q

Capacitors in resonant circuits, they do what?

A

tune radios to particular frequencies.

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42
Q

Capacitors in electric power transmission systems, they…?

A

stabilize voltage and power flow.

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43
Q

Rate of doing work (how fast energy is used)
The measure of how much energy is converted to heat
Represented by P and W
P = symbol for ____
Watt = unit of measurement
W = symbol for unit of measurement

A

Power

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44
Q
  • The amount of current in a circuit is directly proportional to the amount of applied voltage and inversely proportional to the amount of circuit resistance
  • Applied to circuit configurations to calculate voltage, current and resistance
A

Ohm’s Law

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45
Q

Current is affected by voltage and resistance -
If resistance decreases – current ____ (voltage is unchanged)

A

increases

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46
Q

Current is affected by voltage and resistance -
If resistance increases – current _____ (voltage isunchanged)

A

decreases

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47
Q

Current is affected by voltage and resistance -
If voltage increases – current increases IF…?

A

resistance is unchanged

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48
Q

According to Ohm’s Law, how do you solve for current?

A
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49
Q

According to Ohm’s Law, how do you solve for voltage?

A
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50
Q

According to Ohm’s Law, how do you solve for resistance?

A
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51
Q

Ohm’s Law formulas may be easier to remember using the VIR circle. In the VIR circle, voltage is always…?

A

On top

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52
Q

Mandatory devices for a simple circuit:

A

Power supply (battery)
Load device (resistance)
Conductor (wire; continuity)

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53
Q

An electrical component that draws current from a voltage source
All load devices have a certain amount of resistance (load resistance)

A

Load Device

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54
Q

Optional devices for circuit configurations:

A

Protective device (fuse or circuit breaker)
Control device (switch)
Monitoring device (meter)

55
Q

There are two two basic circuits:

A

Series
Parallel

56
Q

The following describes which kind of circuit?

  • Current flows in a single path through every component in the circuit
  • Simplest of all circuits
    If circuit has one resistor, total resistance is equal to the value of that resistor.
  • If the circuit has more than one resistor the values of all the resistors must be added together before you calculate current.
  • Current has only one path – from the negative side of the power source to the positive side
  • Current is the same at every point in the circuit
A

Series

57
Q

The following describes which kind of circuit?

  • Current has more than one path (branches) to follow
  • Each branch is connected across the same voltage source
A

Parallel

58
Q

Kirchhoff’s Laws are used to find ____ like unknowns in a circuit

A

multiple

59
Q

Kirchhoff’s Laws – Series Circuits

Voltage – in any closed circuit, the applied voltage is ___ to the sum of all the voltage drops in the circuit

A

equal

60
Q

Kirchhoff’s Laws – Series Circuits

Current –The sum of all currents flowing to a point must be equal to the ____ of all currents

A

sum

61
Q

Kirchhoff’s Laws – Parallel Circuits

Voltage - Voltage is the ____ (common) across each branch (each branch is connected across the same voltage source)

A

same

62
Q

Kirchhoff’s Laws – Parallel Circuits

Current - Current in each branch ____ on the resistance in the branch

A

depends

63
Q

Series Formulas - Applied Voltage

A

EA = ER1 + ER2 + ER3

64
Q

Series Formulas - Total Resistance

A

RT = R1 + R2 + R3

65
Q

Series Formulas - Total Current

A

IT = IR1 = IR2 = IR3

66
Q

Parallel Formulas - Applied Voltage

A

EA = ER1 = ER2 = ER3

67
Q

Parallel Formulas - Total Current

A

IT = IR1 + IR2 + IR3

68
Q

Parallel Formulas - Total Resistance

A

Product/Sum
Equal Value
Reciprocal

69
Q

Parallel Formula - Total Resistance - Product/Sum

A
70
Q

Parallel Formula - Total Resistance - Equal Value

A
71
Q

Parallel Formula - Total Resistance - Reciprocal

A
72
Q

The following is describing which Total Resistance formula?

  • Beneficial with just two branches in a parallel circuit
  • The two values are multiplied as a product above the same two values added together as a sum
A

Product Over Sum

73
Q

Note that in a parallel circuit total resistance will always be ____ than the smallest branch resistance.

A

less

74
Q

In a parallel circuit, if a branch is added total resistance will decrease and total current will _____.

A

increase

75
Q

In a parallel circuit, if a branch is ____ total resistance will increase and total current will decrease.

A

removed

76
Q

The following describes which Total Resistance formula?

The total resistance of any number of equal value resistors connected in parallel is equal to the resistance of one resistor divided by the number of resistors

A

Equal Value

77
Q

RF Career Field systems radios use ___ voltages to power internal components/circuits

A

DC

78
Q

RF Career Field systems radios operate from ___ battery source or both

A

one

79
Q

RF Career Field systems radios power up…?

A

memory circuits

80
Q

RF Career Field systems radios ___ ___ retains radio settings

A

hub battery

81
Q

The rate of doing work measured in watts

A

Power

82
Q

The mathematical formula for calculating power for a series circuit and a parallel circuit is the ____.

A

same

83
Q

The mathematical formula for finding power in a series circuit is?

A

Either add all the individual powers or use P = I * E if the current and voltage is known

84
Q

The mathematical formula for finding power in a parallel circuit is?

A

Same as in series circuit

Either add all the individual powers or use P = I * E if the current and voltage is known

85
Q

In a series circuit, if voltage remains constant and resistance
increases, current will ____.

A

decrease

86
Q

In a series circuit, if voltage remains constant and resistance
decreases, current will ____.

A

increase

87
Q

In a series circuit, if resistance remains constant and voltage
increases, current will ____.

A

increase

88
Q

In a series circuit, if resistance remains constant and voltage
decreases, current will ____.

A

decrease

89
Q

In a parallel circuit, If voltage remains constant and resistance
increases, current will ____.

A

decrease

90
Q

In a parallel circuit, If voltage remains constant and resistance
decreases, current will ____.

A

increase

91
Q

In a parallel circuit, if resistance remains constant and voltage
increases, current will _____.

A

increase

92
Q

In a parallel circuit, If resistance remains constant and voltage
decreases, current will ____.

A

decrease

93
Q

In a parallel circuit, If a branch is added, total resistance will
____ and total current will ____.

A

decrease
increase

94
Q

Alternating Current (AC) is produced by a ____ (electromagnetic device)

A

generator

95
Q

The ____ is coils of wires wrapped around a metal core

A

rotor

96
Q

The ____ is a set of stationary magnets

A

stator

97
Q

____ ____ is produced when the rotor turns (rotates) around the magnetic field of the stator

A

Electric current (AC)

98
Q

The strength and direction of the current depends on the ____ and ____ of the rotor. This results in constantly changing amplitudes and different directions.

A

position and direction

99
Q

One voltage waveform is called a sinewave, this is also called sinusoidal wave or sinusoid

A

sinusoidal wave or sinusoid

100
Q

In a sine wave, the sine of the angle of rotation represents the amount of ___ ___.

A

induced voltage

101
Q

Sine waves are analyzed by ____.

A

vectors

102
Q

____ represent amplitude and phase relationships of voltage and current.

A

vectors

103
Q

Maximum peak of a sine wave is ____ and minimum peak is ____.

A

max - 90 degrees
minimum - 270 degrees

104
Q

The following describes which waveform?

Instantaneous rise and fall
Symmetrical

A

Square Wave

105
Q

The following describes which waveform?

Instantaneous rise and fall
Asymmetrical

A

Rectangular Wave

106
Q

The following describes which waveform?

Slow increase with a linear rate of change to peak value; then a rapid drop to maximum negative
Also called ramp voltage

A

Sawtooth Wave

107
Q

AC sine waves have 3 primary voltage measurements:

A

Peak (VPK)
Peak-to-peak (VPK-PK)
RMS (Effective)

108
Q

The following describes which voltage measurement?

The peak, or maximum, voltage of just one alternation of a sine wave

A

Peak (Epk or VPK)

109
Q

The following describes which voltage measurement?

The voltage from the positive alternation to the negative alternation

A

Peak-to-Peak (VPK-PK)

110
Q

The following describes which voltage measurement?

The effective voltage – amount of AC voltage that will do the same amount of work as DC voltage

A

RMS (Effective) - RMSEFF or VAC or VRMS or EFF
Root-Mean-Square

111
Q

One cycle of AC has a ____ alternation and a _____ alternation – 2 halves

A

positive
negative

112
Q

Frequency of an AC waveform is the number of cycles in a ____

A

second

113
Q

Cycle is one complete ____ of AC

A

360 degree

114
Q

Symbol for frequency is…?

A

f

115
Q

____ unit measurement for frequency

A

Hertz (Hz)

116
Q

The actual distance between the beginning and the end of one complete AC cycle

A

Wavelength

117
Q

Symbol for wavelength is the Greek letter…?

A

Lambda (λ)

118
Q

Wavelength is expressed in…?

A

Meters

119
Q

The following describes which phase relationship?

Two sine waves of the same frequency pass through zero at the same time and reach positive peak together

A

In-phase

120
Q

The following describes which phase relationship?

Two sine waves of the same frequency do not pass through zero at the same time and reach positive peak at different times

A

Out of phase

121
Q

Frequencies between 0 Hz and 3KHz

A

Power Frequencies

122
Q

Frequencies between 15 Hz and 20 KHz
High frequencies are the higher-pitch tones and may not be heard by everyone

A

Audio Frequencies

123
Q

Frequencies between 20 KHz and 300 GHz
Transmits intelligence (audio) through space using electromagnetic waves

A

RF Frequencies

124
Q

Frequencies between 1 GHz to 300 GHz

A

Microwave frequencies

125
Q

Frequency between 3kHz – 30kHz

A

VLF – very low frequency

126
Q

Frequency between 30kHz – 300kHz

A

LF – low frequency

127
Q

Frequency between 300kHz – 3MHz

A

MF – medium frequency

128
Q

Frequency between 3MHz – 30MHz

A

HF – high frequency

129
Q

Frequency between 30MHz – 300MHz

A

VHF – very high frequency

130
Q

Frequency between 300MHz – 3GHz

A

UHF – ultra high frequency

131
Q

Frequency between 3GHz – 30GHz

A

SHF – super high frequency

132
Q

Frequency between 30GHz – 300GHz

A

EHF – extremely high frequency

133
Q

Range extends to around 10^17 Hz
Infrared, visible range, and ultraviolet

A

Optics

134
Q

Range extends to around 10^23 Hz

A

x-ray

Module 2 (3 decks)

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