Slides for Head, Neck and Spine Flashcards
(95 cards)
1
Q
Sounds waves through the ear. List steps
7
A
External Acoustic meatus Tympanic membrane Ossicles Oval window cochlea round window temporal lobe
2
Q
Blood supply to the orbit?
A
Ophalamic artery
first brach off the carotid
3
Q
In the nose where do the superior and middle concha come off of?
A
Ethmoid bone
inferior is its own bone
4
Q
Where are the bones of the orbit?
7
A
Frontal bone Lacrimal bone Ethmoid bone Zygomatic bone Maxillary bone Palatine bone Sphenoid bone
5
Q
Where would you do an internal jugular vein puncture?
A
just lateral to the carotid pulse
6
Q
Where would you do an emergency tracheostomy?
A
Between cricoid and thyroid cartilages
7
Q
Where would you insert a central line?
A
Into the subclavian artery just below the mid clavicle
8
Q
Where would you do a brachial plexus block?
A
Above the clavicle just behind the clavicular head of the SCM
9
Q
Where would you hear for the Aortic valve?
A
right 2nd intercostal space
10
Q
Where would you hear for the pulmonic valve?
A
Left 2nd intercostal space
11
Q
Where would you hear Erb’s point (the lub/dubs)?
A
Left 3rd intercostal space
12
Q
Where would you hear for the tricuspid valve?
A
Lower left sternal border/4th intercostal space
13
Q
Where would you listen for the mitral valve?
A
Left 5th intercostal space
14
Q
A blow to the nose can lead to loss of smell with the fracture of what bone?
A
Ethmoid
15
Q
What is opacity of the lens in the eye?
What could it be caused by? 4
A
Catracts
age, trauma, diabetes, smoking
16
Q
General path of light through the eye?
3
A
Light strikes cornea
goes through lens
Is percieved by rods and cones in the retina
17
Q
Structures of the eye you need to know?
4
A
Sclera
Conjunctivae
Iris
Lens
18
Q
Superior oblique muscle powered by?
A
Trochlear
19
Q
Lateral rectus muscle powered by?
A
Aducens
20
Q
The rest of the extraocular muscles are powered by?
A
Oculomotor
21
Q
Structures of the nose you need to know?
A
Bridge Tip Septum Glabella External nares
22
Q
What is your vertex?
A
mid top anterior point on head
23
Q
Where are your eyes in situated on your face?
A
halfway between the vertx and the chin
24
Q
What is the top of your ear in line with?
A
glabella and eyebrows
25
What is the lobule of your ear in line with?
nose
26
What is the difference between the concha and turbinates?
| Function?
concha= just bone
turbinates= bone plus mucosa
humidifies and warms air for lungs
27
Structures of the outer ear?
| 9
```
Helix
Crus
Upper concha
Lower concha
Tragus
Antitragus
Lobule
antihelix
external acoustic meatus
```
28
Where can you feel your superficial temporal artery pulse?
Right in front of your upper helix
29
What structures compose your temporal mandibular joint?
| 4
Condylar process
Mandibular fossa
Articular disc
Articular capsule
30
What is the significance of the L4-L5 discs?
Its the top of the iliac crest
| right above the stamp tramp
31
Primary movers of head and neck flexion?
| 2
SCM
| Anterior scalene
32
Primary movers of head and neck extension?
| 2
Trapezius
| Splenis capitis
33
Primary movers in lateral bending of head and neck?
SCM
Anterior scalene
splenis capitis
34
Primary movers in head rotation?
| 3
Splenis capitis
SCM
Scalenes
35
What structures are in the supraclavicular fossa?
apex of the lung
subclavian artery and vein
brachial plexus
36
What structures can you find in the anterior triangle of the neck?
4
SCM
Thyroid gland
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
37
What structures are in the submandibular region?
| 4
Submandibular gland
Facial artery
Omohyoid
Platysma
38
What structures are in the posterior triangle of the neck?
| 6
```
SCM
trapezius
Mastiod process
Spinous processes of C2 to C7
Paraspinous muscles
occipital protuberance
```
39
What is the significance of the Angle of Lewis?
| 3
```
Your sternal angle
Where your aortic arch sits
T4-T5 vertebrae
Bifurication of the trachea
pulmonary trunk
```
40
Where is the base of your heart sit?
T9
41
Where is the diaphragm located?
T12
42
Where is the point of maximal impact of the heart?
Apex of the heart, you can feel it on your 5th intercostal space and go lateral
43
Where are your posterior and anterior axillary folds?
ligament feeling regions on the side of the armpit
44
What makes up the medial wall of the axilla?
| 2
upper ribs and the serratus anterior muscle
45
What makes up the lateral wall of the axilla?
| 2
Coracobrachialis and biceps brachi muscles
46
What are the deep structures of the axilla?
| 3
Humeral head
Axillary artery
Cords of the brachial plexus
47
Where do the ribs articulate with the vertebrae?
Rib 4 will articulate superiorly with T3's inferior facet and T4's superior facet and the transverse process will articulate with the tubercle of the rib
48
What is your natal cleft?
butt crack
49
Where is the fold of the buttocks?
butt to thigh
50
Prime movers of spine flexion?
| 3
Rectus abdominus
Internal oblique
external oblique
51
Prime movers of spine extension?
| 2
Erector spinae
| paraspinous muscles
52
Prime movers in spine bending/lateral flexion?
| 4
Internal oblique
External oblique
Erector spinae
paraspinous muscles
53
Prime movers in spine rotation?
| 2
internal obliques
| external obligues
54
Movements of the scapulo-thoracic joint?
1. Elevation/depression
| 2. Adduction(retraction)/ Abduction(protraction)
55
Movements of the glenohumeral joints?
All the things
56
What are the movements of the elbow and forearm?
| 2
flexion/extension
| Pronation/supination
57
Where is the antecubital fossa and what goes through it?
inside of the elbow space
- biceps tendon
- brachial artery
- median nerve
58
What motions are possible with the wrist?
| 5
```
palmar flexion
dorsi flexion
radial deviation
ulnar devation
circumduction
```
59
Palpable parts of the elbow?
medial and lateral condyles and epicondyles
| Olecranon process of the ulna (subcutaneous border)
60
Palpable parts of the wrist?
Styloids of the ulna and radius
Hook of hamate
schapoid- snuff box
lunate
61
What bone in the wrist makes up the medial wall of the carpal canal?
hamate
62
What is the anterior border of the lungs span?
2nd to 4th costal cartilages on the left and
| 2nd to 6th costal cartilages on the right
63
Where is the oblique fissure on the lungs located?
spinous process T2 to 6th costal cartilage
64
Were is the right horizontal fissure on the lungs located?
T2 to 4th costal cartilage
65
What muscles are involved in elbow flexion?
biceps brachi
brachilais
brachioradialis
66
What muscles are involved in elbow extension?
triceps
67
What are the pulses in the arm you can feel?
Axillary
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
68
What test can you implement to see if there is equal flow through both the radial and ulnar arteries?
Allen test
69
What bone is usually dislocated in the wrist?
lunate
70
Palpable parts of the scapula?
| 4
spine
acromion
coracoid
inferior angle and tip
71
Palpable structures in the back?
| 3 (5)
```
C2
C7
All the spinous processes
iliac crest
occipital protuberance
```
72
What structures are in your umbilicus region?
| 4
Small intestine
L4-L5
iliac crest
bifurication of the aorta
73
What are the primary muscles in inhalation?
Diaphragm and external intercostals
74
What are the accessory inhalation muscles?
SCM and scalenes
75
Primary muscles in exhalation?
diaphragm
76
Accessory muscles in exhalation?
rectus abdominus
77
What tendons border the scaphoid on each side?
medial border= tendon of the extensor pollicis longus
| Lateral border = tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis and the abductor pollicis longus.
78
What muscle starts at S2?
Gluteus medius
79
Where is the ilaic crest located?
L4
80
What level is the angle of the manubrium at?
C3
81
What level is the top of the thyroid at?
C4-5 disc
82
Where is the vertebrea prominens?
C7 spinous process
83
Where is the suprasternal notch located?
T2
84
What level is the angle of lewis at?
T4-5 disc
85
What level is the Xiphoid process at?
Bottom of heart, T9
86
What occurs at the umbilicus?
end of spinal cord
Top of kidneys
T12-L1
87
Where is the lower egde of the ribcage at?
L3
88
Where are the top of the iliac crests at?
L4-5 disc
89
What is otitis media an infectio of?
middle ear infection
90
What is going on anatomically with the allen test?
When the deep and superficial palmar arches are intact either artery can supply blood to the whole hand. When half the hand stays pale, poor collateral circulation
91
What artery do we not cannulate?
the radial artery
92
During a hysterectomy what can be ligated?
ureter
93
In the powerpoint of the uterus the X was the ?
infundibulum
94
Pain from the inferior portion of the diaphragm is supplied by what nerve?
phrenic
95
The mesentary is part of what paritinuem?
visceral
