Slit Lamp Flashcards
(35 cards)
I dont know what normal is…
but I know what abnormal is!
Explain the lacrimal system
lacrimal duct>puncta>canaliculus (tube)>lacrimal sac>nasolacrimal duct
The “angle” is graded as? (3)
open, narrow, closed
Open had grades 1-4, each corresponding with their degrees.
Grade 1= 10 degrees between iris and cornea
Grade 2= 20 degrees
Grade 3= 30 degrees
Grade 4= 40 degrees
What might you suspect if you see “dust” in the anterior chamber?
WBCs/inflammation
What might you suspect if you see a “milky haze” in the anterior chamber?
This is called a flare, foggy appearance from protein that has leaked from inflamed blood vessels
Anterior segments functions
protection and clarity
Is the cornea alive? does it have vasculature?
Yes and No.
It is alive but is avascular.
Cornea
- features
- components
- It is the starting place for refraction
- water tight
- lipid soluble
- Epithelium (24-36 hour replacement)
- Stroma (structure, 90%, can scar, relies on correct % of water [too much or too little=cloudy])
- Endothelium (pump)
Conjunctiva has effects of vision if:
infection
mucus laden
swollen
foreign body
What must you do to the palpebral conjunctiva during an exam?
Roll it over and look at it!!
Look for a FB, allergy, viral/bacterial infection
Aqueous Humor is made where? drained where?
made in the ciliary body behind the iris and drained by trabecular meshwork
What is the trabecular meshwork?
a drainage/ filtrations are of the anterior chamber
- can be damaged
- can get plugged
- can be modified with medications or lasers
What is the adujustable focusing portion of the eye?
the Lens!
- grows constantly from birth
- can be affected by trauma and medications
- 80% of people 65 and older will develop a cataract
What is epiphoria?
excessive tear production/ watery eyes
What are the components to the tear film?
water
oil
mucus
Functions of the lid
move tears, protection
Function of lashes
protection
What is Trichiasis?
a turned/ misdirected eyelash
What is important to check when presented with a “red” eye?
preauricular nodes! If they are swollen, it may be an indication of a viral infection… helpful to rule out bacterial and allergic etiologies
Explain what it means to have “yoked” EOMs
Yoked= each pair teamed
- as the lateral pulls, the medial must relax
- the opposite happens on the other eye
What controls accommodation?
ciliary body
What is the most common non-injury related diagnosis?
conjunctivitis
Options for the management of foreign bodies
Fluoroscein
Irrigation
Removal- loop, spud, 22g needle, alger brush, broken Q-tip
Pressure patch- we don’t use this very much
**Don’t guess! If its penetrating, don’t remove
A tip for eye ointment instillation-
use a finger and apply to inner, lower lid. It stays better.
