sloan - deep neck and larynx

Question 1

branches of subclavian and thier branches

Answer 1

vertebral
internal thoracic
thyrocervical trunk - suprascapular, transverse cervical, inferior thyroid- gives off ascending cervical
costcocervical trunk- supreme intercostal, deep cervical
dorsal scapular

Question 2

what is carotid sinus and what does it do

Answer 2

slight dilation of common carotid, receptors that sense blood pressure

Question 3

what does carotid body sense

Answer 3

oxygen content

Question 4

when the carotid sinus is hypersensitive to pressure it produces _____ heart rate, and a _____ in blood pressure and fainting. this is known as

Answer 4

slow, drop

carotid sinus hypersensitivity syndrome

Question 5

carotid bodies exist at the _____ and monitor the oxygen content of blood before it reaches the brain

Answer 5

carotid sinus

Question 6

adjustments to heart rate, resp rate, and blood pressure can be made accordingly based on the oxygen content in carotid sinus via

Answer 6

glossopharyngeal nerve and vagus nerve

Question 7

thyroid gland has a right and left lobe connected by

Answer 7

isthmus

Question 8

blood supply and veins of thyroid gland

Answer 8

superior thyroid, inferior thyroid, thyroid ima artery (an anomaly artery)

superior thyroid vein, middle thyroid vein, inferior thyroid vein

Question 9

where are the parathyroid glands

Answer 9

small and located on the posterior surface of thyroid gland

Question 10

motor branches of cervical plexus

Answer 10

nerve to geniohyoid, nerve to thyrohyoid, ansa cervicalis, phrenic nerve, Muscular Branches (Rectus Capitis Anterior M., Rectus Capitis Lateralis M., Longus Capitis M., Longus Colli
M)

Question 11

Nerve to the Geniohyoid

Answer 11

C1

Question 12

Nerve to the Thyrohyoid

Answer 12

C1

Question 13

Ansa Cervicalis

Answer 13

C1-C3

Question 14

Phrenic Nerve

Answer 14

C3-5

Question 15

Cervical Sympathetic Ganglia
Receive presynaptic fibers from the

Answer 15

superior thoracic spinal levels

Question 16

Anterior vertebral muscles lie directly posterior to the retropharyngeal space and medial to the neurovascular
plane of the cervical and brachial plexuses and subclavian artery

Answer 16

Longus Colli, Longus Capitis, Rectus Capitis Anterior, Anterior Scalene

Question 17

Lateral vertebral muscles lie posterior to the neurovascular plane of the cervical and brachial plexuses and
subclavian artery and form the floor of the lateral cervical region (except for the RCL)

Answer 17

Rectus Capitis Lateralis, Splenius Capitis, Levator Scapulae, Middle Scalene, Posterior Scalene

Question 18

Tough fibroelastic ligament between the superior margin of the thyroid cartilage and the inferior border of the hyoid bone

Answer 18

Thyrohyoid membrane

Question 19

Single Hyaline cartilage
Largest of the laryngeal cartilages

Answer 19

Thyroid cartilage

Question 20

Articulates superiorly with the thyroid cartilage
Completely encircles the airway

Answer 20

Cricoid cartilage

Question 21

Paired, pyramid-shaped, elastic and hyaline cartilages
serves to change the opening of the vocal folds

Answer 21

Arytenoid cartilages

Question 22

Paired, small conical shaped elastic cartilages that articulate with apex of the arytenoid cartilages

Answer 22

Corniculate Cartilage

Question 23

Paired, small club-shaped elastic cartilages suspended anterior to the corniculate cartilages

Answer 23

Cuneiform Cartilage

Question 24

Leaf-shaped, single elastic cartilage attached by its stem to the posterior aspect of the thyroid cartilage

Answer 24

Epiglottis

Question 25

Arch of the cricoid cartilage to the thyroid cartilage

Answer 25

Cricothyroid ligament

Question 26

located from laryngeal inlet to the vestibular (ventricular) folds

Answer 26

vestibule

Question 27

located superior to the vestibular fold

Answer 27

Laryngeal Vestibule

Question 28

Thyroid cartilage to anterolateral surface of arytenoid cartilage

Answer 28

Vestibular (ventricular) ligament

Question 29

false vocal cords and contain vestibular ligament

Answer 29

vestibular folds

Question 30

Laryngeal space located inferior to the vestibular fold and superior to the vocal Fold

Answer 30

Ventricle

Question 31

Extends form the posterior aspect of the thyroid cartilage to the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage

Answer 31

Vocal ligament

Question 32

Voice production by controlling the stream of air passing through the rima glottidis

Answer 32

Vocal folds

Question 33

Space between the vocal folds and arytenoid cartilages

Answer 33

Rima glottidis

Question 34

Extends from the rima glottidis to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage

Answer 34

Infraglottic cavity

Question 35

Paired, lateral portion of fibroelastic membrane that extends between the cricoid cartilage and vocal ligaments

Answer 35

Conus elasticus

Question 36

pt needs an emergency procedure where intubation is not possible

Answer 36

cricothyrotomy - large needle passed thru cricothyroid membrane to permit entry of air

Question 37

pt will recieve an incision through the skin separation of the infrahyoid muscles and removal/ retraction of isthmus of thyroid gland in order to insert a tube into the trachea to establish an airway

Answer 37

tracheotomy

Question 38

during a thyroidectomy, cricoothyrotomy, or aortic aneurysm and may cause respiratory obstruction, hoarseness, inability to speak and loss of sensation below the vocal cord

Answer 38

Lesion of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 39

Loss of sensation in the larynx superior to the vocal cord

Answer 39

Lesion of the internal laryngeal nerve

Question 40

Paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle and inability to lengthen/tense the vocal cord causing a fatigued voice and hoarseness Can occur during thyroidectomy because the nerve accompanies the superior thyroid artery

Answer 40

Lesion of the external laryngeal nerve

Question 41

three components of pharynx

Answer 41

Nasopharynx Oropharynx Laryngopharynx

Question 42

motor innervation of pharynx

Answer 42

All muscles are innervated by the vagus nerve (CN X) except for the stylopharyngeus, which is innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 43

muscles of pharynx

Answer 43

Superior Pharyngeal Constrictor Middle Pharyngeal Constrictor Inferior Pharyngeal Constrictor Stylopharyngeus: Salpingopharyngeus Palatopharyngeus

Question 44

sensory innervation of nasopharynx

Answer 44

Nasopharynx: Pharyngeal branch from the maxillary nerve (CN V2)

Question 45

sensory innervation of oropharynx

Answer 45

Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

Question 46

sensory innervation of laryngopharynx

Answer 46

Vagus nerve (CN X)

Question 47

Found outside the larynx in the laryngeal pharynx, lateral to the aryepiglottic fold, next to the cricoid Swallowed lateral foreign bodies may be lodged here

Answer 47

Piriform fossae/recess