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SLPA finals > SLPA 100 final > Flashcards

SLPA 100 final Flashcards

(97 cards)

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1
Q

employment settings for SLPA’s

A

hospitals, private practice, nursing homes, public schools

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2
Q

Type of psychologist involved in identifying and treating a variety of cognitive and communication deficits

A

neuropsychologists

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3
Q

Organization that represents and regulates individuals practicing sppech-language pathology and audiology

A

The American Speech-Language-Hearing Association

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4
Q

Tools for advancing theories and research

A

Journals

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5
Q

The highest degree necessary to practice speech-language pathology and audiology

A

Master’s

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6
Q

A candidate for the Certificate of Clinical Competence must complete a

A

Clinical Fellowship

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7
Q

The higher one goes up the professional ladder, the more exclusively the job becomes

A

communication

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8
Q

A medical doctor who specializes in medical and surgical management of diseases and disorders of the ear

A

Otologist

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9
Q

A medical doctor who specializes in the medical and surgical management of diseases and disorders of the ear and throat

A

Otolaryngologist

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10
Q

Frequency of vibration correlates with the psychological perception of

A

pitch

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11
Q

___ is used when refering to frequency of vibration

A

Hz

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12
Q

Amplitude of vibration correlates with the psychological perception of

A

loudness

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13
Q

___ is used when referring to loudness

A

dB

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14
Q

The ____ is one type of graphic representation of air vibration

A

sound wave form

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15
Q

The speech signal is composed of energy principally below ___ cycles per second

A

4000

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16
Q

Human hearing range is between 20 and ___ cycles per second

A

20,000

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17
Q

___ occurs when the distance between two molecules is greater than the distance during inertia of the normal resting stage

A

rarefaction

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18
Q

The ___ energy stage of hearing involves the transformation of acoustic energy by the structure of the middle ear

A

mechanical

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19
Q

The space between the tympanic membrane and the cochlea is known as the ____ ear

A

middle

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20
Q

The ___ tube allows air pressure equalization between the middle ear and external environment

A

eustachian

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21
Q

Sound is transformed into ___ energy at the cochlea

A

hydraulic

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22
Q

The ___ is to hearing as the eye is to vision

A

cochlea

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23
Q

the specific cranial nerve that eventually transmits sound to the cortex is the ___ cranial nerve

A

VIII

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24
Q

____ hearing loss is the result of impairment of the acoustical and mechanical energy transmission stages

A

conductive

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25
Dysfunctions of the ___ usually involve long term exposure to noise
cochlea
26
An air-bone gap suggests a ___ type of hearing loss
conductive
27
____ audiometry involves occluding the ear and presenting different pressure levels
impedance
28
Which reflex is tested during impedance audiometry?
stapedial
29
On the audiogram, the right ear receives a ___ marking
red 0
30
The hearing tests suggested in this section are ___ in nature
screening
31
In English, there are ____ sounds or phonemes
44
32
IPA stands for
International Phonetic Alphabet
33
Consonants are typically divided into two production classification systems; place and ____
manner
34
The vowel "ou" in the word "you" is represented by which IPA symbol?
/u/
35
What are sites of articulation for consonants?
labio-dental, lingua-alveolar, lingua-dental, lingua-velar
36
Which of the following is a nasal in English?
/m/, /n/
37
____ production is dependent on lip rounding, height, and position of the tongue in the oral cavity
vowel
38
Which is not a hard or soft articulator?
uvula
39
Which factor is important in determining the effects of emotional duress on articulation development?
regression, mutism, shock or psychologically devasting event
40
___ refers to a pathologically large tongue
macroglossia
41
___ is the rule-governed system by which humans produce the sounds of language
phonology
42
The substitution of a glide for a glide is seen in auditory perceptual deficitys and is known as an ____ substitution
in-class
43
"_at" for "cat" is an example of
omission of the /k/ sound initially
44
Which of the following is an example of /w/ for /r/ substitution initially?
wabbit for rabbit
45
With typical articulation therapy, the procedure is to start with the simple, noncomplex behavior and gradually advance to the correct, more ___ task
complex
46
___ is the ability to produce the sound when provided with visual and auditory cues
stimulability
47
The phenomenon by which adjacent sounds affect the production of the target sound is known as ____
co-articulation
48
___ is the final phase of articulation therapy and involves teaching the client to correctly produce the sound during school activites and at home
habituation
49
The voice box is also known as the
larynx
50
A woman's vocal cords vibrate at approximately ___ cycles per second
250
51
___ muscles have both their origin and attachment within the larynx
intrinsic
52
___ is the occurrence of too much nasality on non-nasal sounds
hypernasality
53
Standard voice quality can be
breathiness, hoarse, vocal fry, wet-strained strangled
54
Patients with vocal cord paralysis usually have ___ as the primary voice quality
breathiness
55
A ___ cleft is present when the bones of the palate do not come together but the skin is intact
submucous
56
___ is the label given to someone who has undergone a laryngectomy
laryngectomee
57
___ laryngectomies involve the complete removal of the larynx and some adjacent tissue, glands, and muscles
radical
58
___ is the speech produced by a person with a laryngectomy
esophageal
59
Which is NOT considered a reactive voice disorder?
malignant tumor
60
___ is the combination of breathiness and harshness
hoarseness
61
Which factors contribute to chronic vocal abuse?
excessive loudness, excessive use of alcohol and/or nicotine, abusive throat clearing hehaviors, discrepancy between optimal and habitual pitch
62
___ is the primary treatment to reduce reactive voice disorders
relaxation training
63
The ___ part of the brain is where language is located for most right-handed individuals
left hemisphere
64
___ strokes occur when there is a blockage or restriction of an artery
occlusive
65
Patients with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) frequently suffer from ___
behavioral problems, memory deficity, disorientation, communication disorders
66
Apraxia of speech and the dysarthrias are two categories of ___ speech disorders
motor
67
Which of the following is NOT a type of dysarthria?
quick hypokinetic
68
___ is a dysarthria resulting from damage to the lower motor neurons
flaccid
69
Approximately __ percent of the dysarthrias are of the mixed variety
50%
70
Parkinson's disease usually causes ___ dysarthria
hypokinetic
71
Patients with ___ of speech have problems programming utterances
apraxia
72
___ is a communication disorder that affects an individual's ability to engage in symbolic processing
aphasia
73
___ is defined as a disorder affecting the ability to encode, decode, and manipulate symbols for the purposes of verbal thought and/or communication
aphasia
74
When an aphasic patient says "pen" for "pencil" he/she has made an ___
association error
75
___ recovery is the recovery of language abilities in aphasia due to the natural healing of the brain
spontaneous
76
What is NOT a physical condition seen in aphasia
diabetes
77
Emotional ___ is an exaggerated emotional response typically seen in aphasia
lability
78
___ is the tendency of a behavior to persist for a longer period of time than would be warranted by the stimuli presented
perseveration
79
NOT a treatment listed for the neuropatholigies of speech and language
vascular stimulation
80
NOT an area typically assessed and treated in childhood language development and disorders
bio-chemical
81
___ refers to the functional processes that underlie language. It is the way language communicates the needs, desires, feelings, and ideas of the child
social-communication abilities
82
___ refers to the thought processes that underlie language
cognitive functioning
83
Children with ___ disorders have difficulty producing the vowels or consonants of their language and combining sounds to produce words
phonological
84
The child who has a ___ disorder will exhibit inappropriate word order or incorrect sequencing of words in phrases or sentences
syntactic
85
When the child says "baby cry" and the clinician utters, "Yes, the baby is crying," ___ has been provided
expanding
86
___ objects are those used by a child in play that stand for or represent other objects
representational
87
Children with __ language disorders have problems using language for specific purposes in a social context
pragmatic
88
The majority of stuttering begins between __ and __ years of age
two and seven
89
The ratio of male to female individuals with stuttering disorders is approximately
4 to 1
90
__ is the avoidance of a feared word and the substitution of another one
circumlocution
91
The negative emotions experienced by individuals who stutter result from __ conditioning
classical
92
Avoidance and ___ behaviors have a strong response strength because they have occurred frequently for months and even years
escape
93
___ means that the reward or punishment is applied immediately after a specific behavior
contingent
94
A child will learn to act in a different way is he/she observes somone he/she respects and admires displaying the new behavior. This is an example of the __ principle
modeling
95
To stop a child from displaying a certain behavior, arrange his/her environment so that there are no rewards for its occurrence. This is an example of the __ principle
reward termination
96
To stop a child from displaying an undersirable behavior, reward him/her for engaging in a behavior that is __ with the unwanted one
incompatible
97
It has been proposed that the __ schedule of reward is the reason people keep trying in the face of possible failure
variable interval

SLPA finals (1 decks)

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