SM01 Mini4

Question 1

what is the importance of improving health care systems?

Answer 1

better patient outcome

Question 2

what are the layers of systems in health care?

Answer 2

self-care

individual caregiver & patient

microsystem

mesosystem

macro-organization system

geosociopolitical system

Question 3

What is a microsystem

Answer 3

small group of people working together on a regular basis to provife care to a discrete subpopulation of patients

ex. private doctor’s office or small clinic

Question 4

what is a mesosystem?

Answer 4

linked microsystems

work together for management of specific type of problem

ex. cardiac care division: CCU, cardiac units, cath lab, cardiac rehab

Question 5

what is a macrosystem?

Answer 5

integrated health care system for large group or community of patients

links mesosystems & microsysytems

ex. hospital

Question 6

Influencing factors beyond organizational level of health care systems

Answer 6

culture & context

Question 7

Steps to improving healthcare

Answer 7

1. determine if there is a problem
2. create focused aim statement
3. determine measures for assessment
4. analyze current processes
5. brainstorm list of possible changes for improvement
6. implement PDSA cycles
   
   • Plan-Do-Study-Act

Question 8

quality gap

Answer 8

difference between what we know should be done & waht is actually being done

Question 9

focused aim statement

Answer 9

statement for improvement project

includes change, direction, quantity, time-frame, & relevance/importance

Question 10

what is yellowing of the sclera indicative of?

Answer 10

jaundice

Question 11

why might the conjunctival sac be pale?

Answer 11

anemia

Question 12

what is fundoscopy?

Answer 12

evaluation of eye for papilledema (swelling of the optic disc)

Question 13

when is a fundoscopy necessary?

Answer 13

when there is increased cranial pressure usually due to head trauma or severe headache

Question 14

what is a common location for eczema, psoriasis, or seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 14

behind the pinna (external ear)

Question 15

tragus

Answer 15

cartilaginous skin flap anterior to ear canal

Question 16

what are the major lymph nodes of the neck?

Answer 16

preauricular

post-auricular

occipital

submandibular

submental

anterior cervical

posterior cervical

Question 17

HEENT

Answer 17

Head, ears, eyes, nose, throat

Question 18

normocephalic

Answer 18

normal size & shape of head

Question 19

alopecia

Answer 19

baldness or lack of hair

Question 20

ptosis

Answer 20

drooping of upper eyelid

Question 21

anisocoria

Answer 21

unequal size of pupils

Question 22

strabismus

Answer 22

misalignment of one or both eyes when looking straight ahead

tested via corneal light reflex

Question 23

cerumen

Answer 23

ear wax

Question 24

cone of light

Answer 24

area of tympanic membrane anteroinferior to malleus

Question 25

epitaxis

Answer 25

nose bleed

Question 26

"shotty" lymph nodes

Answer 26

normal lymph nodes: small & benign named for thier similar size to shot used in shot gun shells

Question 27

thyrotoxicosis

Answer 27

hyperthyroidism enlarged thyroid gland

Question 28

what information is needed to properly describe a skin lesion?

Answer 28

* size * shape * palpability (create a shadow?) * color * texture * configuration * distribution

Question 29

macule

Answer 29

flat lesion \<1cm "spot"

Question 30

patch

Answer 30

macule (flat spot) \>1cm

Question 31

papule

Answer 31

raised lesion \<1cm caused by proliferation of cells in epidermis or superficial dermis "pimple" ex. wart

Question 32

plaque

Answer 32

papule (raised lesion) \>1cm palpable & cast a shadow

Question 33

nodule

Answer 33

caused by proliferation of cells in middle to deep dermis "small knot"

Question 34

vesicle & bulla

Answer 34

"little bladder"/"bubble" vesicle= \<1cm bulla= \>1cm fluid-filled papules (raised lesions)

Question 35

pustule

Answer 35

pus-filled papule pus is fluid & leukocytes

Question 36

furuncle

Answer 36

bacterial or fungal infected hair follicle

Question 37

erosion

Answer 37

partial or complete loss of epidermis in small location may occur after vesicle peels off usually heals w/o scarring

Question 38

ulcer

Answer 38

complete loss of epidermis & some dermis usually leaves a scar "sore"

Question 39

what is the difference between a furuncle and an abcess?

Answer 39

abcesses are usually deeper & not necessarily associated with hair follicles as furuncles are