Small Animal Pevlic Limb Blood Vessels And Nerves

Question 1

Where is the vascular lacuna located?

Answer 1

Between the inguinal ligament and the pelvis

Question 2

What direction does the External Iliac artery run?

Answer 2

Caudoventrally

Question 3

What is the first branch off of the external iliac artery? What is the continuation of this artery called?

Answer 3

Deep femoral

Femoral

Question 4

What trunk branches off of the deep femoral artery?

Answer 4

Pudendoepigastric trunk

• > external pudendal artery
• > caudal epigastric artery

Question 5

What is the continuation of the deep femoral artery after the pudendoepigrastic trunk?

Answer 5

Medial circumflex artery

Question 6

What does the medial circumflex artery supply?

Answer 6

Adductor m

Question 7

What are the borders of the femoral triangle?

Answer 7

Cranial - sartorius m. (Caudal part)
Caudal - pectineus m.
Proximal - inguinal ligament

Question 8

What arteries pass through the vascular lacuna?

Answer 8

Femoral artery

Medial circumflex artery

Question 9

What vessels and nerves run through the femoral triangle??

Answer 9

Femoral artery and vein.

Saphenous nerve

Question 10

The _________________ artery is the first branch off the femoral artery and runs cranial to supply the quadriceps femoris and tensor fascia lata

Answer 10

Superficial circumflex iliac artery

Question 11

The _______________ artery branches off the femoral artery to supply quadriceps femoris mm., tensor fasciae latae m., superficial gluteal m., middle gluteal m., and coxofemoral joint

Answer 11

Lateral circumflex femoral artery

Question 12

What artery branches off the femoral artery, distal to the superficial circumflex iliac artery and the lateral circumflex femoral artery?

Answer 12

Proximal caudal femoral artery

Question 13

What is supplied by the proximal caudal femoral artery?

Answer 13

Pectineus m, adductor m, and gracilis m.

Adductors of the limb

Question 14

What artery branches off the femoral artery to supply the dorsal and plantar aspects of the paw?

Answer 14

Saphenous artery
Cranial - dorsal paw
Caudal - plantar paw

Runs superficial along with vein and nerve

Question 15

The _________ artery supplies the stifle joint medially.

Answer 15

Descending genicular

Question 16

What are the last two branches off the femoral artery?

Answer 16

Middle caudal femoral

Distal caudal femoral

Question 17

The femoral artery continues into the ___________ artery after the branching of the middle and distal caudal femoral arteries.

Answer 17

Popliteal artery

Question 18

The poplietal artery can been seen between what muscles?

Answer 18

Between the two heads of the gastrocnemius m.

Question 19

What does the popliteal artery supply?

Answer 19

Stifle joint, gastrocnemius m, and popliteus m.

Question 20

The popliteal artery terminates as what two arteries?

Answer 20

Cranial and caudal tibial arteries.

Question 21

The ____________ artery supplies the peroneus longus m, long digital extensor m, and cranial tibial m.

Answer 21

Cranial tibial artery

Question 22

What is the continuation of the cranial tibial artery at the level of the peas/tarsus?

Answer 22

Dorsal pedal artery

Question 23

What artery supplies blood to the paw and is used for arterial catheter placement

Answer 23

Dorsal pedal artery

Question 24

What is the main veins draining the lateral side of the pelvic limb?

Answer 24

Lateral saphenous vein

-splits cranial and caudal branches

Question 25

What is the main vein draining the pelvic limb on the medial side

Answer 25

Medial saphenous vein

Question 26

What vein is most often used for veinipuncture in dogs??

Answer 26

Cranial branch of the lateral saphenous vein

Question 27

What vein is most often used for venipuncture in cats?

Answer 27

Medial saphenous vein.

Question 28

The ventral spinal nerves from L4-S3 form the _______________ plexus

Answer 28

Lumbrosacral plexus

Question 29

The ____________ nerve supplies the adductor muscles of the pelvic limb. What does this nerve pass through?

Answer 29

Obturator nerve Obturator foramen Supplying muscles - > external obturator - > pectineus - > gracilis - > adductor

Question 30

Where does the femoral nerve exit to supply the pelvic limb?

Answer 30

Iliospoas muscle

Question 31

What action does innervation of the femoral nerve induce? What are the muscle innervated?

Answer 31

Hip flexion, stifle extension, supporting limb Iliopsoas Quadriceps Sartorius

Question 32

What nerve branches off the femoral nerve as it exits the iliopsoas m.?

Answer 32

Saphenous nerve

Question 33

What are 4 terminal branches off the pudendal nerve?

Answer 33

Perineal nerve Caudal rectal nerve Dorsal nerve of the penis Caudal cutaneous femoral nerve

Question 34

Where is the pudendal nerve located?

Answer 34

In the ischiorectal fossa running along side the internal pudendal artery

Question 35

What nerve travels caudal to the femur, on the lateralside of the adductor muscle?

Answer 35

Sciatic AKA ischiatic nerve

Question 36

What bony prominence does the sciatic nerve pass over?

Answer 36

Greater trochanter of the femur

Question 37

The sciatic nerve supplies what muscles to generate what action?

Answer 37

Biceps femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranous Flex the stifle and extend the hip

Question 38

What does the sciatic nerve terminate in?

Answer 38

Common peroneal nerve and tibial nerve

Question 39

What nerve supplies the skin on the medial side of the thigh, stifle, leg, tarsus, and paw?

Answer 39

Saphenous nerve

Question 40

How many ventral sacral nerves are there?

Answer 40

3

Question 41

The ___________ nerve arises from from all three of the sacral nerve branches and lies between levator ani and coccygeus, and the superficial gluteal muscles

Answer 41

Pudendal nerve

Question 42

What nerve innervates the external anal spinchter after branching off the pudendal nerve?

Answer 42

Caudal rectal nerve

Question 43

What nerve branches dorsally off the pudendal nerve and supply's the skin of anus, perineum (scrotum or labia)

Answer 43

Perineal nerve

Question 44

The dorsal nerve of the penis is a branch off of the ___________ nerve and supplies what?

Answer 44

Pudendal nerve Sensory nerves to skin of the glans (Dorsal nerve of the clitoris in female- running to the vulva)

Question 45

The ___________________ nerve follows the caudal gluteal artery to level of ischiatic tuberosity where it becomes superficial to supply skin of the thigh

Answer 45

Caudal cutaneous femoral nerve

Question 46

What nerves arise from the lumbrosacral trunk?

Answer 46

Caudal gluteal, cranial gluteal, and sciatic

Question 47

What nerve passes over the ischiatic notch medial to middle gluteal and is the sole innervation of the to the superficial gluteal muscle?

Answer 47

Caudal gluteal nerve

Question 48

What nerve passes over the ischiatic notch, the lateral ilium and innervates both the middle and deep gluteal?

Answer 48

Cranial gluteal nerve

Question 49

What is the origin of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 49

Last two lumbar nerves and first two sacral nerves (lumbrosacral trunk)

Question 50

The lateral cutaneous sural nerve arises from what nerve?

Answer 50

Fibulae (peroneal nerve)

Question 51

The caudal cutaneous sural nerve arises from what nerve?

Answer 51

Tibial nerve

Question 52

What do the lateral and caudal cutaneous sural nerves supply?

Answer 52

Skin on the lateral and caudal surfaces of the crus

Question 53

The sciatic nerve terminates as what two nerves?

Answer 53

Tibial and common fibular(peroneal)

Question 54

The common fibular nerve passes cranially and divides into what nerves?

Answer 54

Superficial fibular nerve | Deep fibular nerve

Question 55

What nerves innervate the flexor muscles of the tarsus and extensor muscles of the digits?

Answer 55

Superficial and deep fibular nerves (from the common fibular )

Question 56

What nerve passes between he two heads of the gastrocnemius and supplies muscles caudal to tibia and fibula?

Answer 56

Tibial nerve

Question 57

The tibial nerve divides into what to branches above the tarsocural joint?

Answer 57

Medial and lateral plantar nerves