Small Runinants

Question 1

Caprine and Ovine

Answer 1

Goat and Sheep

Question 2

Kid and lamb

Answer 2

Immature goat and sheep

Question 3

Wether

Answer 3

Castrated male

Question 4

Buck and Ram

Answer 4

Intact male goat and sheep

Question 5

Fecal Egg Count (FEC)

Answer 5

A measure of internal parasite burden in ruminants

Question 6

Parasite resistance

Answer 6

The ability of parasites to survive and reproduce despite exposure to anthelmintic treatment

Question 7

Shearing

Answer 7

Cutting wool off

Question 8

Gestation

Answer 8

Sheep: 144-152 days
Goats: 147-155 days

Question 9

Lambing and Kidding

Answer 9

Lambing: Between January and May
Kidding: Between Late February and Early April

Question 10

Breeding

Answer 10

Sheep: First mating 7-19 months
Goats: First mating 6-9 months

Question 11

Weaning

Answer 11

60-90 days

Question 12

Post-weaning

Answer 12

30-50 days, sort and market cull ewes

Question 13

Common wool sheep

Answer 13

Merino, Hampshire, Suffolk, Rambouillet, Southdown, Dorset

Question 14

Common Hair sheep

Answer 14

Katahdin, Dorper, St. Croix, Barbados Black Belly

Question 15

Common dairy goats

Answer 15

Alpine, Nubian, LaMancha, Oberhasli, Toggenburg

Question 16

Common Meat Goats

Answer 16

Boer, Spanish, Myotonic, Savanna, Kiko

Question 17

What is lamb meat yield grade based on?

Answer 17

Backfat (Marbling)

Question 18

Quality muscling grades

Answer 18

Prime (best), Choice, Good, Utility (poor)

Question 19

Break joint vs Spool Joint

Answer 19

Break joint: Younger bones still have a soft growth plate that will break with applied pressure
Spool joint: Older animals are finished growing and the bone doesn’t break

Question 20

Grazing sheep

Answer 20

Eat mostly grass, legumes, forbs, and other pasture-based forages

Question 21

Grazing diet by %

Answer 21

60% grass, 30% forbs, 10% browse

Question 22

Browsing goats

Answer 22

Prefer woody plants and browsing brush above shoulder height, used for weed and brush control

Question 23

Browsing diet by %

Answer 23

20% grass, 20% forbs, 60% browse

Question 24

Browser vs Grazer anatomy

Answer 24

Browsers have prehensile lips and a larger liver for detoxifying plant toxins
Grazers have shorter, fatter, and more blunt tongues

Question 25

Internal Parasites

Answer 25

Barber's Pole Worm, Coccidia (C, D, and Tetanus)

Question 26

External parasites

Answer 26

Lice, Ticks, Sheep Keds, Fly strike, biting Midges, Bot Fly

Question 27

Parasite life cycle

Answer 27

Dung stage (eggs pass in feces), Pasture stage (eggs hatch and free-living larvae develop), Host Stage

Question 28

Prevention

Answer 28

Grazing Management, Seasonal management, Hay management, Multi-species Grazing, Genetic Resistance

Question 29

Treatment

Answer 29

Deworming options, Resistance (over-utilization)

Question 30

FAMACHA

Answer 30

Created to identify anemic animals

Question 31

FAMACHA indication

Answer 31

Weight loss, intake will go down, isolated stock, lethargic, production goes down

Question 32

4-6 weeks prior to lambing/kidding

Answer 32

Vaccinate with CDT, Check FAMACHA scores, Deworm, Copper bolus for goats

Question 33

30 days prior to lambing/kidding

Answer 33

The udder will begin to drop, check feet/hoof trim

Question 34

3-7 days prior to lambing/kidding

Answer 34

Trim wool off rear end, Check feet/hoof trim, move into individual/group housing

Question 35

Seasonally polyestrus

Answer 35

Only coming into estrus one season a year

Question 36

Sheep estrus cycle

Answer 36

Cycle length: 16-17 days Estrus: 30 hours When to breed: 12-18 hours after estrus onset

Question 37

Sheep breeding exception

Answer 37

Dorsets can lamb out of season

Question 38

Goat estrus cycle

Answer 38

Cycle length: 18-24 days Estrus: 36 hours When to breed: 12-36 hours after estrus onset

Question 39

Goat breeding types

Answer 39

Hand Mating, Pen Breeding, AI, Out-of-Season breeding

Question 40

Sheep Breeding types

Answer 40

Ram Bred, Laparoscopic Artificial Insemination (due to tortuous cervix)

Question 41

Shearing

Answer 41

Leg control, utilize thumb, position nose towards the back over the shoulder, add pressure to the rump, keep hands free

Question 42

What is special about hair sheep

Answer 42

Genetically selected to have no shearable fleece, Have higher parasite resistance

Question 43

Basic nutrition costs

Answer 43

Feed is the single largest cost associated with raising small ruminants

Question 44

Copper toxicosis

Answer 44

Chronic: Cu accumulated in liver Acute: Oral exposure to Cu

Question 45

Signs of Cu toxicity

Answer 45

Depression, weakness, anorexia, reddish brown/dark urine, excessive thirst, teeth grinding

Question 46

Cu toxicosis treatment

Answer 46

Cu antagonists, Fluid therapy, Blood transfusion, Critical dosages

Question 47

Foot/Hoof rot symptoms

Answer 47

Lameness, reduced weight gain, decreased milk and reproduction

Question 48

Foot/Hoof rot treatment and prevention

Answer 48

Hoof trim, Dry/sanitary bedding, footbaths with Zinc Sulfate and Copper Sulfate

Question 49

Indoor facilities

Answer 49

Traditional barn, Pole barn, Open-sided barn

Question 50

Outside housing positives

Answer 50

Decreased feed costs, temporary shelter for lambing