SN:Wk 1-Basic Terminology

Question 1

What word is derived for the Greek word meaning “to cut apart” ?

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

Which of the following is another term for “gross anatomy”?
-Microscopic anatomy
-Cell biology
-Macroscopic anatomy
-Physiology

Answer 2

Macroscopic anatomy

Question 3

The study of the structure of cells is called:
-Histology
-Pathology
-Cytology
-Etiology

Answer 3

Cytology

Question 4

What is Anatomy the study of?

Answer 4

Study of internal and external structures of the human body

Question 5

What are the two specialties of Anatomy

Answer 5

microscopic anatomy & macroscopic anatomy

Question 6

Which specialty in Anatomy is the study of structures that can only be seen with a magnification aid?

Answer 6

Microscopic (micro)

Question 7

What is the study of tissue examples

Answer 7

Histology
“histos”-meaning tissues or columms; “logia”- meaning study

Question 8

Which specialty in Anatomy is the study of structures that are visible to the Naked Eye

Answer 8

Macrocsopic
Macro- prefix meaning large

Question 9

What does Physiology focus on?

Answer 9

focuses on the function and vital processes of body structures

Question 10

what is Disease?

Answer 10

A condition in which the body fails to function normally

Question 11

What is the study of disease characteristics, causes and effects?

Answer 11

Pathology

Question 12

What does Pathology study?

Answer 12

Pathology studies the characteristics, causes and effects.

Question 13

meaning of Etiology

Answer 13

Cause of the disease

Question 14

what does Epidemiology study?

Answer 14

Study of transmission, frequency of occurrence, distribution and control of a disease.

Question 15

What are the two types of diseases?

Answer 15

Idiopathic diseases (noninfectious)
& Communicable diseases (infectious)

Question 16

What is the type of disease that its cause cannot be determined?

Answer 16

Idiopathic

Question 17

What is the type of disease that its cause has the potential to be spread from person to person or insect to person?

Answer 17

Communicable disease

Question 18

What are three main types of disease patterns?

Answer 18

Endemic, epidemic & pandemic

Question 19

what is Endemic

Answer 19

diseases occurring within a specific population
ex. Malaria in some parts of Brazil

Question 20

what is Epidemic

Answer 20

diseases occurring in large numbers over a specific region

Question 21

what is Pandemic

Answer 21

diseases spreading within countries or worldwide
ex. COVID 19

Question 22

What disease pattern is this?
diseases occurring within a specific population

Answer 22

Endemic

Question 23

What disease pattern is this?
diseases occurring in large numbers over a specific region

Answer 23

Epidemic

Question 24

What disease pattern is this?
diseases spreading within countries or worldwide

Answer 24

Pandemic

Question 25

what is Homeostasis

Answer 25

Physiological processes that monitor and maintain a stable internal environment in the body

Question 26

What is the physiological process that monitors and maintains a stable internal environment in the body?

Answer 26

Homeostasis

Question 27

meaning of Homeostatic Regulation

Answer 27

Adjustments made to maintain stability ex. a thermostat in a home

Question 28

what is a Negative Feedback Loop? w/ example

Answer 28

Opposes the stimulus Helps maintain homeostasis Ex. Blood sugar regulation- when blood sugar levels rise after a meal the pancreas released insulin to lower sugar levels Ex. Thermostat- When temp drops below a set point (75) , then the heater will turn on until temp is reached at 75 again

Question 29

what is a Positive Feedback Loop? w/ example

Answer 29

Enhances or increases changes Known as a vicious cycle Often harmful but sometimes necessary for specific processes Ex. Childbirth contractions- baby pushes against cervix, produces Oxytocin which then travels within bloodstream and allows more contractions which ultimately leads to opening of cervix (dilation)

Question 30

what are the three disease concepts?

Answer 30

Signs, Symptoms, Syndrome

Question 31

what is the disease concept of "Signs" w/ example

Answer 31

definitive, objective, and measurable indicators of illness Vital Signs: pulse, blood pressure, temp, respiratory rate Ex. fever, change in size or color of a mole

Question 32

what is the disease concept of "Symptoms" w/ example

Answer 32

Subjective indicators or illness perceived only by the patient Ex. pain, dizziness, itchiness

Question 33

what is the disease concept of "Syndrome" w/ example

Answer 33

grouping of signs and symptoms related to a specific disease Ex. down syndrome

Question 34

meaning of Diagnosis

Answer 34

identification of a disease by studying patients signs, symptoms, history and results

Question 35

meaning of Prognosis w/ example

Answer 35

prediction about the outcome of a disease Ex. Bells Palsy

Question 36

definition of "Acute Condition" w/ example

Answer 36

Rapid onset of signs and symptoms. Ex. the flu, COVID, burns

Question 37

definition of "Chronic Condition" w/ example

Answer 37

Gradual onset of symptoms over a long period. Ex. diabetes, HIV, asthma

Question 38

definition of "Exacerbation Condition" w/ example

Answer 38

Flare up of signs and symptoms. Ex. shortness of breath, blue color in fingers or lips, chest pain

Question 39

definition of "Remission Condition" w/ example

Answer 39

period when signs and symptoms disappear. Ex. PTSD, depression, cancer

Question 40

definition of "Relapse Condition" w/ example

Answer 40

Recurrence of a disease. Ex. addiction(drugs), mental health(depression)

Question 41

definition of "Terminal Disease Condition" w/ example

Answer 41

a disease with a prognosis of death Ex. Alzheimer's, advanced stages of cancer