Soa Paulo Vs London

Question 1

Spec

Answer 1

Social and economic issues associated with urbanisation.
Issues associated with economic inequality, social segregation and cultural diversity in contrasting urban areas.

Question 2

London (HIC)
Social Segregation
Issues and Management

Answer 2

Issues:
> London residents have less interaction with people of different age
groups and classes than other residents living in other parts of the UK.

Management:
> Charities are lobbying
central government for better access to
English classes for recent immigrants and
mentoring schemes to help these people
settle in the UK and London.

A02:
> This could lead to isolation for some residents.
> Access to opportunity widens inequality – negatively impacts health and wellbeing.

Question 3

London (HIC)
Economic Inequality
Issues and Management

Answer 3

Issues:
> Home to the richest and poorest people in the UK, this gap has widened since 1980.
> Low wages and few job opportunities in some areas of London mean that over 25% of people live in poverty.

Management:
> London living wage increased to £9.75 per hour in 2016.
Sadiq Khan is going to build more affordable homes in London to reduce social segregation.

A02:
> Rise in minimum wage could improve QoL.
- Can lead to social segregation
- Decreases the number of people able to access tertiary employment.
- Different incomes mean inevitable inequality.

Question 4

London (HIC)
Cultural Diversity
Issues and Management

Answer 4

Issues:
> Ethnic segregation is an issue as in Brent over 60% of people are not white British whereas in Havering it is 16%.

Management:
> Police are raising awareness of hate crimes and encouraging
more people to report it and offer better support to victims.

A02:
> Tension leads to violence
- Increased pressure on services
- Minority groups are underrepresented.

Question 5

Sao Paulo (NEE)
Economic Inequality
Issues and Management

Answer 5

Issues:
> Richest 10% of households earn nearly 40 times more than the poorest 10%.

Management:
> 2016 saw the minimum wage raised by 12%.

A02:
> Lowers the widening gap between rich and poor.
> Increased access to opportunity/investment.

Question 6

Sao Paulo (NEE)
Social/Cultural Segregation
Issues and Management

Answer 6

Issues:
> Poorest residents live in favelas (80,000 in Paraisopolis) – with high crime rates,
and lots of waterborne diseases.
> Limited education facilities prevent people from moving out of the area and bettering themselves.
> Richest residents live in the SW. Lots of green space, luxury shops and excellent healthcare. Large numbers of white immigrants and the lowest proportion of
black people in the city.

Management:
> 2001 law passed so favelas have legal residential rights/10,000 new homes currently being built to replace.

A02:
> New investment boosts opportunities for poorer communities – lowers crime.
- Improvement in health and wellbeing boosts QoL.
- Loss of sense of community.
- Very small scale.