soap and detergent

Question 1

definition for soap

Answer 1

sodium or potassium salt of fatty acid

Question 2

definition for detergent

Answer 2

sodium salt of sulphonic acid

Question 3

preparation of soap

Answer 3

saponification

Question 4

3 chemical equation for preparation of soap

Answer 4

1)fat + water= fatty acid + glycerol
2)fatty acid + alkali= soap + water
3)fat + alkali= soap + glycerol

Question 5

preparation of detergent

Answer 5

1)sulphation/sulphonation
2)neutralisation

Question 6

sulphation

Answer 6

1)alcohol + sulphuric acid= alkyl hydrogen sulphate + water
2) alkyl hydrogen sulphate + alkali=sodium alkyl sulphate

Question 7

sulphonation

Answer 7

1)alkylbenzene + sulphuric acid = alkylbenzene sulphonic acid + water
2)alkylbenzene sulphonic acid + alkali= sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate + water

Question 8

additives and their function

Answer 8

1)biological enzyme9remove stain)
2)optical whitener/whitening agent(whiten and brighter)
3)foam control agent(control foam-lower surface tension of water)
4)fragrances( improve smell)
5)drying agent( ensure the powder is dry
6)antisuspension agent(prevent reattached of dirt)